Alondra Vega: Week 9
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Vocabulary
- Doubling time:the time taken for a cell to complete the cell cycle. The amount of time between successful cell divisions.[1]
- Reverse transcription:The process of making a double stranded DNA molecule from a single stranded RNA template through the enzyme, reverse transcriptase.[2]
- Heat shock:The response is mediated by heat shock transcription factor (HSF), which is present in a monomeric, non-DNA binding form is unstressed cells and is activated by stress to a tromeric form which can bind to promoters of heat shock genes.[3]
- Glycogen:A branched polymer of glucose that is mainly produced in liver and muscle cells, and functions as secondary long-term energy storage in animal cells.[4]
- Trehalose:A sweet-tasting, crystalline disaccharide, C12H22O11, found in trehala and in many fungi.[5]
- Osmotic Stress: The osmotic stress technique is a method for measuring the effect of water on biological molecules, particularly enzymes. Just as the properties of molecules can depend on the presence of salts, pH, and temperature, they can depend significantly on the amount of water present.[6]
- Hyperosmotic:Of, relating to, or characterized by an increased osmotic pressure (typically higher than the physiological level).[7]
- Osmolarity: The molarity of an ideal solution of a nondissociating substance that exerts the same osmotic pressure as the solution being considered. [8]
- Dendrogram:a branching diagram representing a hierarchy of categories based on degree of similarity or number of shared characteristics especially in biological taxonomy.[9]
- Biogenesis:The process in which life forms arise from similar life forms.[10]
==Outline: Cold Adaptation in Budding Yeast; Schade et al.
Abstract
- The paper focused on determining the transcriptional response to a stress, specifically cold shock, in budding yeast.
- Microarrays were used to check the transcript abundance, which clearly showed two different groups of transcriptionally modulated genes.
- Early cold response (ECR)
- Late cold response (LCR)
- Comparisons were made to other stresses.
- Trehalose and glycogen are induced in the LCR, which means that the environmental stress response (ESR) happens during the LCR.
- Msn2p and Msn4p are involved in induction of genes and they control the stress response in the LCR.
- Cold-specific early response is not mediated by Msn2p and Msn4p, but by a unknown regulatory mechanism.
