BISC 219: Assignment Help- Transgenic plants research report
How to write a research report or article in Science style
The following information is excerpted from Science magazine’s information for authors found at: http://0-www.sciencemag.org.luna.wellesley.edu/about/authors/prep/gen_info.dtl
General guidelines may be accessed at: http://0-www.sciencemag.org.luna.wellesley.edu/about/authors/prep/prep_init.dtl
You may consider your paper either a Research Article or a Report (see differences below- mostly length, but note that research articles have subheadings while reports do not).
Research Articles (up to ~4500 words, Including references, notes and captions, or ~5 journal pages) are expected to present a major advance. Research Articles include an abstract, an introduction, up to six figures or tables, sections with brief subheadings, and a maximum of 40 references. Materials and Methods should usually be included in supporting online material, which should also include information needed to support the paper's conclusions.
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Reports (up to ~2500 words or ~3 journal pages) present important new research results of broad significance. Reports should include an abstract, an introductory paragraph, up to four figures or tables, and a maximum of 30 references. Materials and Methods should usually be included in supporting online material, which may also include information needed to support the paper's conclusions.
Science reference format is a modified citation sequence style. You can find more instructions and examples at the instructions to authors pages: http://0-www.sciencemag.org.luna.wellesley.edu/about/authors/prep/res/refs.dtl
Style guidelines for Science style can be accessed at: http://0-www.sciencemag.org.luna.wellesley.edu/about/authors/prep/res/style.dtl
Note that this journal has a strong preference for active voice. See the example in the cited style page above.
Manuscript Preparation for Science
Information excerpted below available in the Feb. 6, 2009 issue of Science Vol. 323 p 807 or in pdf form at:
http://0-www.sciencemag.org.luna.wellesley.edu/cgi/issue_pdf/admin_pdf/323/5915.pdf
See Information for Authors at www.sciencemag.org/about/authors for more detailed information.
One page in the journal contains approximately 1000 words and one small figure. Use doubles-pacing throughout the text, tables, figure legends, and references and notes. Electronic files should be formatted for U.S. letter paper. Titles should be no more than 96 characters (including spaces) for Reports, Research Articles, and Reviews, and 64 characters plus spaces for Brevia.
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One-sentence summaries capturing the most important point should be submitted for all papers. Abstracts explain to the general reader why the research was done and why the results are important. The abstract should present background information to convey the context of the research, describe the results, and draw general conclusions.
Text starts with a brief introduction describing the paper’s significance, which should be intelligible to readers in other disciplines. Technical terms should be defined. Symbols, abbreviations, and acronyms should be defined the first time they are used. All tables and figures should be cited in numerical order. References and notes are numbered in the order in which they are cited, first through the text, then through the text of the references, and then through the figure and table legends. Each reference should have a unique number; do not combine references or embed references in notes. Do not use op. cit. or ibid.
Acknowledgments, including complete funding information, accession numbers, and any information related to authorship conflict of interest, should be gathered into the last numbered reference.
Tables should be included at the end of the references and should supplement, not duplicate the text. The first sentence of the table legend should be a brief descriptive title. Every vertical column should have a heading, consisting of a title with the unit of measure in parentheses. Units should not change within a column.
Figure legends should be double-spaced in numerical order. The figure title should be given as the first line of the legend. No single legend should be longer than ~200 words. Nomenclature, abbreviations, symbols, and units used in a figure should match those used in the text. Units should be metric and follow SI conventions.
Supporting online material (SOM) is posted permanently on Science Online, is linked to the manuscript, and is freely available. SOM includes materials and methods plus extra text, figures, tables, references, and video or audio clips that are important for the integrity of the paper. Detailed instructions on preparing SOM can be found at www.sciencemag.org/about/ authors/prep/preponline.dtl. Figures should be submitted as part of the online submission or, if necessary for large files only, on a CD. Allowable formats for submissions are PDF, PS, and EPS for illustrations or diagrams; and TIFF, JPG, PSD, EPS, or PDF for photography or microscopy. No part of a figure may be selectively manipulated. When figures are assembled from multiple gels or micrographs, a line or space should indicate the border between two original images.
Graphs should be labeled on the ordinate and abscissa with the parameter or variable being measured, the units of measure, and the scale. Scales with large or small numbers should be presented as powers of 10. Simple solid or open symbols reduce well. Avoid the use of light lines and screen shading. Instead, use black-andwhite, hatched, and cross-hatched designs for emphasis. Use scale bars in place of, or in addition to, magnifications.
