BME100 f2017:Group14 W0800 L3
TEAM MEMBERS
Correlation Coefficient
Statistical Analysis
Graphs
Summary of Results
Design for Our Experiment
Gold Standards:
- ·Oral medication of Lorazepam
- ·IV Lorazepam
- ·Rectal Diazapam
Target sample size: 660, arrived at this number by calculating the current amount of people with epilepsy in the US (3 million) and the confidence level (5%)
To test how fast medication is getting into bloodstream:
- 1. Compare oral dosage of Lorazepam, IV injection of Lorazepam, rectal Diazepam, and our auto injector (LorazePen)
- 2. Obtain sample size (approximately 660 people)
- 500 people to be divided into three groups: one receiving IV, rectal, and auto injector (these people are epileptics, ranging from focal to generalized)
- 160 people will receive the oral dosage (these people are not actively seizing, rather they have been prescribed it for anxiety)
- 3. Set time intervals for which we will take blood samples to measure the concentration of medication inside the bloodstream
- Intervals (min): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 120, 240, 360, 480
- 20 total blood draws
- Maximum amount of blood to draw per person: about 3% of their total blood volume
- On average, people have 5 liters3 of blood so the average of blood allowed to draw is .15 liters1
- It takes approximately .003 liters per blood draw to receive an accurate reading 4
- Take initial blood reading
- Draw blood every minute for 5 minutes, then every 5 minutes for an hour
- Draw blood once it has been 2 hours for every two hours until total time has reached 8 hours (this will show how long the drug lasts in the bloodstream)
Factors to consider: The average ambulance response time is 6 minutes and 35 seconds, which means that someone who is having a seizure has to wait 6 minutes before paramedics even arrive on the scene to start an IV or other form of treatment.2
To test how quickly seizure dissipates:
- 1. Compare IV Lorazepam, rectal Diazepam, and our auto injector (LorazePen)
- 2. Obtain sample size (660 people: all epileptics, ranging from focal to generalized)
- 220 receiving IV Lorazepam
- 220 receiving rectal Diazepam
- 220 receiving auto injector (LorazePen)
- 3. When someone in this experiment has a seizure, they can only receive the kind of the treatment of their group
- For IV Lorazepam (2 mg/1 mL) 5
- For rectal Diazepam (.2 mg/ 1 kg) 6
- For autoinjector (LorazePen) (2 mg/1 mL) 5
- Same dosage as IV
- 4. Time how long it takes for someone to stop having a seizure once the treatment has been administered
Factors to consider: The average ambulance response time is 6 minutes and 35 seconds, which means that someone who is having a seizure has to wait 6 minutes before paramedics even arrive on the scene to start an IV or other form of treatment.2
References
- 1. Dr. Greene, “How Much Blood is too Much Guideline”. https://www.drgreene.com/blood-guideline/
- 2. DC Fire and EMS Department, “Average Response Time to Emergency Scenes Improves”. https://fems.dc.gov/release
- 3. Elert, Glenn, “Volume of Blood in a Human”. http://www.webcitation.org/mainframe.php