Biomod/2012/Titech/Nano-Jugglers/Protocols: Difference between revisions

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{{Titech/Nano-Jugglers/HEAD}}
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<h2>Physical Vapor Deposition</h2>
=Protocols=
:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In this page, detailed protocols are described as supplementary information.
:__TOC__


<h2>Vapor Deposition</h2>
*Preparation for deposition
*Preparation for deposition
# pipette 10 μL 10μM polystyrene-beads into 2.0mL tube.
# pipette 10 µL 10 µM polystyrene-beads into 2.0 mL tube.
# add 200μL milliQ into the tube.
# add 200 µL milliQ into the tube.
# mix the tube by vortex.
# mix the tube by vortex.
# extend the polystyrene-beads on the cover glass.
# extend the polystyrene-beads on the cover glass.
# dry the cover glass.
# dry the cover glass.
*1st Deposition
*1st Deposition
# increase the pressure in Bell jar.
# increase the pressure in Bell jar.
Line 15: Line 17:
# put target material (Cr, Au) in the basket.
# put target material (Cr, Au) in the basket.
::※the amount of PVD is related to the Volume of targets.
::※the amount of PVD is related to the Volume of targets.
:4. vacuuming (to 1.0×〖10〗^(-3)Pa )
:4. vacuuming (to 1.0×10<sup><small>-3</small></sup>Pa)
:<energization>
:<energization>
::※Au can't connect with polystyrene beads, so we deposit Au after Cr.  
::※Au can't connect with polystyrene beads, so we deposit Au after Cr.  
:5. increase electric current slowly.
:5. increase electric current slowly.
:6. (Cr) 1st: stop at 15A and keep 30 seconds. /2nd: stop at 15A and keep 50 seconds.
:6. (Cr) 1st: stop at 15 A and keep 30 seconds. / 2nd: stop at 15 A and keep 50 seconds.
::(Au): confirm melting at 8A and keep 11A until all Au has evaporated.
::(Au): confirm melting at 8 A and keep 11 A until all Au has evaporated.
:7. off electric current
:7. off electric current
:8. cool down
:8. cool down
:9. increase pressure
:9. increase pressure
:10. take out the sample
:10. take out the sample
:11. vacuuming(to 1.0×〖10〗^1)
:11. vacuuming (to 1.0×10<sup><small>1</small></sup>)
 
::※※
::※※
# wash the surface of the cover glass with 70% ethanol.  
# wash the surface of the cover glass with 70% ethanol.  
# wash the surface of the cover glass with 70% ethanol.  
# wash the surface of the cover glass with 70% ethanol.  
# pipette 70% ethanol and polystyrene-beads into a 2.0mL tube.
# pipette 70% ethanol and polystyrene-beads into a 2.0 mL tube.
# centrifuge the tube by tabletop centrifuge.  
# centrifuge the tube by tabletop centrifuge.  
# remove supernatant.
# remove supernatant.
Line 36: Line 37:
# extend the polystyrene-beads over a cover glass.
# extend the polystyrene-beads over a cover glass.
# dry the cover glass.
# dry the cover glass.
*2nd Deposition
::Repeat※※
*Reagent
:10 µm polystyrene beads, Au 2 cm, Cr, MilliQ, 70% ethanol
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>


*2nd Deposition
<h2>EDAC conjugation</h2>
# Pipet 12.5 mg of polystirene-beads into a 1.5 mL tube.
# Pellet the micro-beads via centrifugation for 5 minutes at 1000×G.
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 0.4 mL of PolyLink Coupling Buffer.
# Pellet again via centrifugation for 5 minutes at 1000×G.
# Resuspend the micro-beads pellet in 0.17 mL of PolyLink Coupling Buffer.
# Just before use, prepare a 200 mg/mL EDAC solution by dissolving 10 mg PolyLink EDAC in 50 µL Polylink Coupling Buffer.
# Add 20 µL of the EDAC solution to the micro-beads suspension.
# Mix gently end-over-end or briefly vortex.
# Add 5 nmol of aminated DNA. Mix gently end-over-end or briefly vortex.
# Incubate for 90 minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 1000×G.
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 0.4 mL Polylink Wash/Storage Buffer.
# Repeat Steps 12-13 for three times.
# Store particles at 4°C in Polylink Wash/Storage Buffer.
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>
 
<h2>Confirmation of EDAC conjugation</h2>
# Pipet 12.5 mg of EDAC conjugated polystirene-beads into a 1.5 mL tube.
# Pellet the micro-beads via centrifugation for 5 minutes at 1000×G.
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 0.1 mL of 3×SSC Buffer
# Drip 5 µL of 10 µM Fluorescent beads with a complementary DNA
# Incubated for 10 minutes at 90°C
# Incubated for 40 minutes at room temperature
# Observing the fluorescence
'''Observation Conditions'''
:ISO6400<br>
:Exposure time (Transmitted Light) 1/100 seconds<br>
:Exposure time (Blue Light) 2 seconds<br>
:Magnification  10×40=400<br>
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>


::Repeat※※
<h2>Gold and thiol modified DNA conjugation</h2>
# Weight 0.25 mg of gold-vapored 10 µm polystyrene beads into a 1.5 mL eppendorf tube.
# Suspend micro-bieds in 1 mL of Milli-Q water
# Pellet the micro-bieds via centrifugation for 15 seconds at 1260-2680×G
# Remove platinum agglomerate
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
# Resuspend micro-beads in 0.4 mL of 1 M NaOH
# Incubate for 1 hour at room temperature with gentle mixing
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
# Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 1 mL of Milli-Q water
# Repeat steps 6-7 for five times
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 20 µL of 10 µM thiol modified DNA and 10 mM pH 8 Phosphate buffer
# Incubate for 24 hours at room temperature with gentle mixing
# Add 10 µL of 1 M NaCl, then Incubated at room temperature for 2 hours
# Repeat steps 13 for 3 times.
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
# Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 3×SSC buffer
# Repeat steps 15-16 for 3 times.
# Store particles at 4°C in 3×SSC buffer
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>


*Reagent
<h2>Platinum particle and thiol –modified DNA conjugation</h2>
:10μm polystyrene beads, Au 2cm, Cr, MilliQ, 70%ethanol
# Weight 1 mg of 0.15-0.40 µm platinum particle into a 1.5 mL eppendorf tube.
# Suspend micro-bieds in 1 mL of Milli-Q water
# Pellet the micro-bieds via centrifugation for 15 seconds at 1260-2680×G
# Remove platinum agglomerate
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
# Resuspend micro-beads in 0.4 mL of 1 M NaOH
# Incubate for 1 hour at room temperature with gentle mixing
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
# Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 1 mL of Milli-Q water
# Repeat steps 6-7 for five times
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 20 µL of 10 µM thiol modified DNA and 10 mM pH 8 Phosphate buffer
# Incubate for 24 hours at room temperature with gentle mixing
# Add 10 µL of 1 M NaCl, then Incubated at room temperature for 2 hours
# Repeat steps 13 for 3 times.
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
# Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 3×SSC buffer
# Repeat steps 15-16 for 3 times.
# Store particles at 4°C in 3×SSC buffer
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>


=Protocols=
<h2>Catalyst conjugation</h2>
:__TOC__
#Weight 1 mg of thiolated DNA modified platinum particles and DNA modified polystyrene beads into a 1.5 mL eppendorf tube
#Suspend micro-beads and platinum particles in 1 mL of 3×SSC  buffer
#Incubate for 10 minutes at 90°C
#Incubate for 40 minutes at room temperature
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<h2>PAGE protocol</h2>
<h2>PAGE protocol</h2>
# Make 20% polyacrylamide gel.<br>
# Make 20% polyacrylamide gel.<br>
# Put into a microwave oven and liquefy urea for 15 seconds.<br>
# Put into a microwave oven and liquefy urea for 15 seconds.<br>
# Wait until the solution become the room temperature.<br>
# Wait until the solution become the room temperature.<br>
# Add 10% APS 150 ul and TEMED 4ul.<br>
# Add 10% APS 150 µL and TEMED 4 µL.<br>
# Put the solution into the gel box.<br>
# Put the solution into the gel box.<br>
# Insert comb and wait it becomes coagulate(about 30 minutes).<br>
# Insert comb and wait it becomes coagulate (about 30 minutes).<br>
# Make another gel box and prepare double gel boxes.<br>
# Make another gel box and prepare double gel boxes.<br>
# Set up a tub for electrophoresis.<br>
# Set up a tub for electrophoresis.<br>
# Set double gel boxes and pour 1x TBE running buffer into the tub (upper tub’s buffer is new running buffer, and lower tub’s buffer is recycle buffer).<br>
# Set double gel boxes and pour 1×TBE running buffer into the tub (upper tub’s buffer is new running buffer, and lower tub’s buffer is recycle buffer).<br>
# Incline the tub to remove bubbles under gels.<br>
# Incline the tub to remove bubbles under gels.<br>
# Clear wells of the gel by pipette to remove unharden gel solution.<br>
# Clear wells of the gel by pipette to remove unharden gel solution.<br>
# Connect the tub to a power source.<br>
# Connect the tub to a power source.<br>
# Pre-run at specified voltage (250V or 300V) for 20 minutes.<br>
# Pre-run at specified voltage (250 V or 300 V) for 20 minutes.<br>
# Clear wells of the gel by pipette again.<br>
# Clear wells of the gel by pipette again.<br>
# Load wells with sample solution 5ul.(sample 3ul + 2x BPB solution 3ul = sample solution 6ul)<br>
# Load wells with sample solution 5 µL.(sample 3µL + 2×BPB solution 3 µL = sample solution 6 µL)<br>
# Run at specified voltage (250V or 300V) for specified time (50 minutes)<br>
# Run at specified voltage (250 V or 300 V) for specified time (50 minutes)<br>
# Put the gels into a cyber gold solution taper.(SYBR-Gold solution: 10000x cyber gold 20ul + 1×TBE 200ml)<br>
# Put the gels into a SYBR gold solution taper. (SYBR-Gold solution: 10000×SYBR gold 20 µL + 1×TBE 200 mL)<br>
# Shake the taper by hand for 10 minutes.(using used cyber gold solution, shake for 15 or 20 minutes)<br>
# Shake the taper by hand for 10 minutes. (using used SYBR gold solution, shake for 15 or 20 minutes)<br>
# Take out the gels.<br>
# Take out the gels.<br>
# Spot blue light to observe the gel.<br>
# Spot blue light to observe the gel.<br>
# Take pictures through an orange filter by camera.<br>
# Take pictures through an orange filter by camera.<br>
 
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<h2>Ascertain that DNA form duplex in 1~5% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution without degenerated by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub></h2>
<h2>Observation of the platinum particles</h2>
#make sample
# Make a solvent of about 100μL in an Eppendorf tube.<br>
# Put beads in another Eppendorf tube with a spatula.<br>
# Remove the dust on the surface of silicon rubber with the like Scotch tape.<br>
# Drill holes in the silicon rubber with a belt punch.<br>
# Press the holed silicon rubber to the surface of a dish.<br>
# Add the beads in the tube to the solvent.<br>
# Shake the tube by voltex and set in the Ultrasound device.<br>
# Inject the beads solution into the hole of silicon rubber.<br>
# Set the dish to the observation units after down the objective lens to the bottom.<br>
# Observe with the eyepiece.<br>
 
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<h2>Gold and thiol modified DNA conjugation</h2>
 
# Weight 0.25 mg of gold-vapored 10 μm polystyrene beads into a 1.5 ml eppendorf tube.
# Suspend micro-bieds in 1 ml of Milli-Q water
# Pellet the micro-bieds via centrifugation for 15seconds at 1260-2680 xG
# Remove platinum agglomerate
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000 xG
# Resuspend micro-beads in 0.4 ml of 1M NaOH
# Incubate for 1h at room temperature with gentle mixing
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000 xG
# Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 1 ml of Milli-Q water
# Repeat steps 6-7 for five times
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 20μl of 10μM　thiol modified DNA and 10mM pH8 Phosphate buffer
# Incubate for 24h at room temperature with gentle mixing
# Add 10μl of 1M NaCl, then Incubated at room temperature for 2hours
# Repeat steps 13 for 3 times.
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000 xG
# Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 3×ssc buffer
# Repeat steps 15-16 for 3 times.
# Store particles at 4℃ in 3×ssc buffer
 
 
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<h2>Confirmation of Self assembled monolayer </h2>
# Providing a cover glass with gold deposition
# Immersed cover glass in 1M NaOH solution for 1 hour
# Rinse NaOH with MilliQ water twice
# Drip 5μl of 10μM　thiol modified DNA and 10mM pH8 Phosphate buffer
# Incubated for 24 hours at room temperature
# Add 2μl of 1M NaCl, then Incubated at room temperature for 2hours
# Repeat steps 6 for 3 times.
# Rinse with 3×ssc buffer twice
# Drip 5μl of 10μM Fluorescent beads with a complementary DNA
# Incubated for 20 minutes at room temperature
# Observing the fluorescence
 
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<h2>Platinum particle and thiol –modified DNA conjugation</h2>
 
# Weight 1 mg of  0.15-0.40 μm platinum particle into a 1.5 ml eppendorf tube.
# Suspend micro-bieds in 1 ml of Milli-Q water
# Pellet the micro-bieds via centrifugation for 15seconds at 1260-2680 xG
# Remove platinum agglomerate
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000 xG
# Resuspend micro-beads in 0.4 ml of 1M NaOH
# Incubate for 1h at room temperature with gentle mixing
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000 xG
# Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 1 ml of Milli-Q water
# Repeat steps 6-7 for five times
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 20μl of 10μM　thiol modified DNA and 10mM pH8 Phosphate buffer
# Incubate for 24h at room temperature with gentle mixing
# Add 10μl of 1M NaCl, then Incubated at room temperature for 2hours
# Repeat steps 13 for 3 times.
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000 xG
# Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 3×ssc buffer
# Repeat steps 15-16 for 3 times.
# Store particles at 4℃ in 3×ssc buffer
 
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<h2>EDAC conjugation</h2>
 
# Pipet 12.5mg of polystirene-beads into a 1.5mL tube.
# Pellet the micro-beads via centrifugation for 5 minutes at 1000 xG.
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 0.4 ml of PolyLink Coupling Buffer.
# Pellet again via centrifugation for 5 minutes at 1000 G.
# Resuspend the micro-beads pellet in 0.17 ml of PolyLink Coupling Buffer.
# Just before use, prepare a 200 mg/ml EDAC solution by dissolving 10mg PolyLink EDAC in 50µl Polylink Coupling Buffer.
# Add 20 µl of the EDAC solution to the micro-beads suspension.
# Mix gently end-over-end or briefly vortex.
# Add 5 nmol of aminated DNA. Mix gently end-over-end or briefly vortex.
# Incubate for 90 minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
# Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 1000 x G.
# Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 0.4ml Polylink Wash/Storage Buffer.
# Repeat Steps 12-13 for three times.
# Store particles at 4˚C in Polylink Wash/Storage Buffer.
 
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<h2>Azobenzen Protocol</h2>
 
===Preparation===
====Solution A====
 
:{| border="1"
|solution
|amount
|strength
|-
|100μM seqAazo4_5thiol
|5μL
|10μM
|-
|2xSSC
|25μL
|1x
|-
|MlliQ water
|20μL
|
|-
|<span style="color:red">Mass</span>
|<span style="color:red">50μL</span>
|}
 
*100μM seqAazo4_5thiol(DNAⅰ)  5μL   
*2xSSC  25μL
*MlliQ water  20μL
 
====solution B====
 
:{| border="1"
|solution
|amount
|strength
|-
|100μM seqAc_5thiol
|5μL
|10μM
|-
|2xSSC
|25μL
|1x
|-
|MlliQ water
|20μL
|
|-
|<span style="color:red">Mass</span>
||<span style="color:red">50μL</span>
|
|}
 
*100μM seqAc_5thiol(DNAⅱ)  5μl
*2xSSC  25μL
*MlliQ water  20μL
 
 
====Solution A+B====
 
:{| border="1"
|solution
|amount
|strength
|-
|A
|30μL
|(DNAⅰ)5μM
|-
|B
|30μL
|(DNAⅱ)5μM
|-
|Mass
|60μL
|
|}
 
*solution A 30μL
*solution B 30μL
 
 
====Finally prepared solution====
 
:{| border="1"
|solution
|amount
|-
|Solution A
|20μL
|-
|Solution B
|20μL
|-
|Solution A+B
|60μL
|}
 
 
===Way to Anneal DNA ===
#Irradiate visible-light to solutions A, B and A+B with Visible-light irradiation equipment(Epi-Green Slim pro S) to stabilize trans-azobanzen.
#Soaked solutions A, B, and A+B in a hot water of 100 digrees for 10 minute.
#Left these solutions A, B, and A+B for 50 minute, irradiating them visible-light.
#Put solutions into darkroom for 60 minute to cool down for stabilizing DNA duplex
 
 
===Irradiate UV-light to DNA duplex and measures absorbance===
#Irradiated UV-light(365nm) to a solution A+B for 1, 5, 30 minute.
#Measured absorbance of each DNA solutions(1~6) near 260nm wavelength of light. The DNA solutions we measured was as follows(table below).
 
 
:{| border="1"
|No
|Solusion (time exposed UV-light)
|-
|1
|A(0)
|-
|2
|B(0)
|-
|3
|A+B(0)
|-
|4
|A+B(1)
|-
|5
|A+B(5)
|-
|6
|A+B(30)
|}
 
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<h2>Ascertain that DNA form duplex in 1~5% H₂O₂ solution without degenerated by H₂O₂</h2>
 
===Way to make samples ===
 
====20% polyacrilamide gels====
 
 
:{| border="1"
:{| border="1"
|solution
|solution
Line 311: Line 154:
|strength
|strength
|-
|-
|40%acrylamide gel
|40% acrylamide gel
|5mL
|5 mL
|20%
|20%
|-
|-
|10x TBE
|10×TBE
|1mL
|1 mL
|1x
|1×
|-
|-
|Milli-Q
|Milli-Q
|4mL
|4 mL
|
|
|-
|-
Line 330: Line 173:


*40% acrylamide gel 5mL
*40% acrylamide gel 5 mL
*10x TBE 1mL
*10×TBE 1 mL
*MilliQ 4mL
*MilliQ 4 mL
 
<br>
 
*Way to make samples for electrophoresis<br>
===Way to make samples for electrophoresis===
Make solutions ①～⑦ as table below
 
====Make solutions ①～⑦ as table below====
 
:{| border="1"
:{| border="1"
|No.
|No.
Line 357: Line 197:
|-
|-
|Milli-Q water
|Milli-Q water
|18µL
|18 µL
|
|
|16µL
|16 µL
|
|
|8µL
|8 µL
|
|
|-
|-
|10％H₂O₂
|10% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>
|0µL
|0 µL
|0%
|0%
|2µL
|2 µL
|1%
|1%
|10µL
|10 µL
|5%
|5%
|-
|-
|100µM ssDNA F
|100 µM ssDNA F
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|-
|-
|100µM ssDNA R
|100 µM ssDNA R
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|-
|-
|10xSSC
|10×SSC
|1µL
|1 µL
|0.5x
|0.5×
|1µL
|1 µL
|0.5x
|0.5×
|1µL
|1 µL
|0.5x
|0.5×
|-
|-
|Mass
|Mass
|20 µL
|20 µL
|
|
|20µL
|20 µL
|
|
|20µL
|20 µL
|
|
|}
|}
:{| border="1"
:{| border="1"
|No.
|No.
Line 423: Line 262:
|-
|-
|Milli-Q water
|Milli-Q water
|18.5µL
|18.5 µL
|
|
|8.5µL
|8.5 µL
|
|
|18.5µL
|18.5 µL
|
|
|8.5µL
|8.5 µL
|
|
|-
|-
|10％H₂O₂
|10% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>
|0µL
|0 µL
|0%
|0%
|10µL
|10 µL
|1%
|1%
|0µL
|0 µL
|5%
|5%
|10
|10
|
|
|-
|-
|100µM ssDNA F
|100 µM ssDNA F
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|0µL
|0 µL
|0µM
|0 µM
|0µL
|0 µL
|0µM
|0 µM
|-
|-
|100µM ssDNA R
|100 µM ssDNA R
|0µL
|0 µL
|0µM
|0 µM
|0µL
|0 µL
|0µM
|0 µM
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|0.5µL
|0.5 µL
|2.5µM
|2.5 µM
|-
|-
|10xSSC
|10×SSC
|1µL
|1 µL
|0.5x
|0.5×
|1µL
|1 µL
|0.5x
|0.5×
|1µL
|1 µL
|0.5x
|0.5×
|1µL
|1 µL
|0.5x
|0.5×
|-
|-
|<span style="color:red">Mass</span>  
|<span style="color:red">Mass</span>  
|<span style="color:red">20μL</span>
|<span style="color:red">20 µL</span>
|
|
|<span style="color:red">20μL</span>
|<span style="color:red">20 µL</span>
 
|
|
|<span style="color:red">20μL</span>
|<span style="color:red">20 µL</span>
 
|
|
|<span style="color:red">20μL</span>
|<span style="color:red">20 µL</span>
 
|
|
|}
|}
:2. Incubate for 90minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
:2. Incubate for 90 minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
:3.anealing complementary strands for 10 minutes at 80℃
:3.anealing complementary strands for 10 minutes at 80°C
:4. Incubate for 90minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
:4. Incubate for 90 minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
:5. Load wells with sample solution 5ul.(sample 3ul + 2x BPB solution 3ul = sample solution 6ul)
:5. Load wells with sample solution 5 µL. (sample 3 µL + 2×BPB solution 3 µL = sample solution 6 µL)
:6. Run at specified voltage (250V or 300V) for specified time (50 minutes)  
:6. Run at specified voltage (250 V or 300 V) for specified time (50 minutes)  
:7. Put the gels into a cyber gold solution taper.(SYBR-Gold solution: 10000x cyber gold 20ul + MilliQ water 200ml)
:7. Put the gels into a SYBR gold solution taper. (SYBR-Gold solution: 10000×SYBR gold 20 µL + MilliQ water 200 mL)
:8. Shake the taper by hand for 10 minutes.(using used cyber gold solution, shake for 15 or 20 minutes)
:8. Shake the taper by hand for 10 minutes.(using used SYBR gold solution, shake for 15 or 20 minutes)
:9. Take out the gels.  
:9. Take out the gels.  
:10. Spot blue light to observe the gel.  
:10. Spot blue light to observe the gel.  
:11. Take pictures through an orange filter by camera.
:11. Take pictures through an orange filter by camera.
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑]]</div>
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>
<hr>
<h2>Observation of the platinum particles</h2>
# Make a solvent of about 100 µL in an Eppendorf tube.<br>
# Put beads in another Eppendorf tube with a spatula.<br>
# Remove the dust on the surface of silicon rubber with the like Scotch tape.<br>
# Drill holes in the silicon rubber with a belt punch.<br>
# Press the holed silicon rubber to the surface of a dish.<br>
# Add the beads in the tube to the solvent.<br>
# Shake the tube by voltex and set in the Ultrasound device.<br>
# Inject the beads solution into the hole of silicon rubber.<br>
# Set the dish to the observation units after down the objective lens to the bottom.<br>
# Observe with the eyepiece.<br>
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>
<h2>Observation of platinum hemisphere in solution of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub></h2>
#Weight 0.5 mg of platinum hemisphere particles into a schale
#Suspend 1~3% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution until liquid surface is flat
#Wait 1 minute in order to stabilize bubble emissions
#Observed with a microscope
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>
<h2>Observation of catalase conjugated 10 micro beads in solution of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub></h2>
#Weight 0.5 mg of catalase conjugated 10 micro beads into a schale
#Suspend 1~3% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution until liquid surface is flat
#Wait 1 minute in order to stabilize bubble emissions
#Observed with a microscope
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>
<h2>Observation of dissociation of dsDNA with UV-light</h2>
'''prepare'''<br>
*100 µM seqA 4Azo_5thiol<span style="color:red">←DNAi</span>
*100 µM seqAc 4Azo_5thiol<span style="color:red">←DNAii</span>
*2×SSC
*MilliQ water
 
:{| border="1"
|'''solution A'''
|-
|solution
|amount
|strength
|-
|100 µM seqA 4Azo_5thiol
|5 µL
|10 µM
|-
|2×SSC
|25 µL
|1×
|-
|MlliQ water
|20 µL
|
|-
|<span style="color:red">Mass</span>
|<span style="color:red">50 µL</span>
|}
:{| border="1"
|'''solution B'''
|-
|solution
|amount
|strength
|-
|100 µM seqAc_5thiol
|5 µL
|10 µM
|-
|2×SSC
|25 μL
|1×
|-
|MlliQ water
|20 µL
|
|-
|<span style="color:red">Mass</span>
||<span style="color:red">50 µL</span>
|
|}
:{| border="1"
|'''Solution A+B'''
|-
|solution
|amount
|strength
|-
|A
|50 µL
|<span style="color:red">DNAi</span> 5 µM
|-
|B
|50 µL
|<span style="color:red">DNAii</span> 5 µM
|-
|Mass
|100 µL
|
|}
:{| border="1"
|'''Finally prepared solution'''
|-
|solution
|amount
|-
|Solution A
|10 µL
|-
|Solution B
|10 µL
|-
|Solution A+B
|80 µL
|}
'''Way to hybridize DNA'''
#Irradiate visible-light (blue-light λ > 400 nm) to solution A and B for 5 minutes with Visible-light irradiation equipment (Epi-Green Slim pro S) to stabilize trans-azobenzene
#mix 40 µL of each solution under the visible light
#irradiate visible light for 10 minutes again
#Put solution into dark box at 4°C for 12 hours to cool down for hybridization
'''Irradiate UV-light to DNA duplex and measures absorbance'''
#Irradiated UV-light (365 nm, 30 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) to a solution A+B for 1, 5 minutes
#Measured absorbance of each DNA solutions (1~5) near 260 nm wavelength of light. The Abs of each DNA solution we measured was as follows (table below).
:{| border="1"
|No
|Solusion (time exposed UV-light (MINUTES) )
|-
|1
|A (0)
|-
|2
|B (0)
|-
|3
|A+B (0)
|-
|4
|A+B (1)
|-
|5
|A+B (5)
|}
 
#Irradiated UV-light (365 nm, 180mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) to a solution A+B for 5, 10, 30, 40, 50 seconds.
#Measured absorbance of each DNA solutions (1~8) near 260 nm wavelength of light. The Abs of each DNA solution we measured was as follows (table below).
:{| border="1"
|No
|Solusion (time exposed UV-light (SECONDS) )
|-
|1
|A (0)
|-
|2
|B (0)
|-
|3
|A+B (0)
|-
|4
|A+B (5)
|-
|5
|A+B (10)
|-
|6
|A+B (20)
|-
|7
|A+B (30)
|-
|8
|A+B (40)
|-
|9
|A+B (50)
|}


<hr>
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>
==Material Lists and Kits==


=Material Lists and Kits=
<table width="506" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width:506px;height:576px;"><tr>
<table width="506" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width:506px;height:576px;"><tr>
<td align="center"><strong>Name<br /></strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Name<br /></strong></td>
Line 509: Line 517:
<td align="center"><strong>Cat No</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Cat No</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Lot No</strong></td>
<td align="center"><strong>Lot No</strong></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Hydrogen peroxide (30%)</strong></td>
<td> Wako 1st Grade</td>
<td> Wako</td>
<td>081-04215</td>
<td>***</td>
<td><font color="#000000">TLM1384</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>POLY BEAD CARBOXYLATE 10.0 micron microsperes</strong></td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> Polyscience</td>
<td>9003-53-6</td>
<td>18133</td>
<td><font color="#000000">643610</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Glass beads GBL-40</strong></td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> APPIE</td>
<td>101021</td>
<td>***</td>
<td><font color="#000000">JISZ890</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Platinum 0.15~0.45 µm 99.9%</strong></td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> ALDRICH</td>
<td>1001302221</td>
<td>1310-73-2</td>
<td><font color="#000000">MKBH4608V</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Platinum 1 µm</strong></td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> micromer</td>
<td>01-83-103</td>
<td>***</td>
<td><font color="#000000">1551201-01</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Catalase, from Bovine Liver</strong></td>
<td> Wako 1st Grade</td>
<td> Wako</td>
<td>039-12901</td>
<td>EC1.11.1.6</td>
<td><font color="#000000">LAG1488</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Sodium Dihidrogenphosphate Dihydrate</strong></td>
<td> Wako 1st Grade</td>
<td> Wako</td>
<td>192-02835</td>
<td>***</td>
<td><font color="#000000">LAR4091</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Disodium Hydrogenphosphate 12-Water</strong></td>
<td> Wako 1st Grade</td>
<td> Wako</td>
<td>196-02835</td>
<td>***</td>
<td><font color="#000000">LAQ5931</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>6×Lording Buffer Double Dye</strong></td>
<td> Wako 1st Grade</td>
<td> Wako</td>
<td>313-90351</td>
<td>***</td>
<td><font color="#000000">02008D</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Sodium Chloride</strong></td>
<td> Wako 1st Grade</td>
<td> Wako</td>
<td>191-01665</td>
<td>***</td>
<td><font color="#000000">DCN6646</font></td>


</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Sodium Hydroxide</strong></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Sodium Hydroxide</strong></td>
Line 524: Line 602:
<td><font color="#000000">DBM6540</font></td>
<td><font color="#000000">DBM6540</font></td>


</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Albumin, from Bovine Serum, Cohn Fraction V, pH7.0<br />
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Albumin, from Bovine Serum, Cohn Fraction V, pH 7.0<br />
</strong></td>
</strong></td>
<td> Biochmistry<br /></td>
<td> Biochmistry<br /></td>
Line 532: Line 610:
<td><font color="#000000">STF3372</font></td>
<td><font color="#000000">STF3372</font></td>


</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Ultra PureTM 1M Tris-HCL pH 8.0</strong></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Ultra PureTM 1 M Tris-HCL pH 8.0</strong></td>
<td> *** </td>
<td> *** </td>
<td> invitrogen<sup>TM</sup> </td>
<td> invitrogen<sup>TM</sup> </td>
Line 539: Line 617:
<td><font color="#000000">9949164</font></td>
<td><font color="#000000">9949164</font></td>


</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>40(w/v)%-Acrylamide/Bis Mixed Solution (29:1)</strong></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>40 (w/v) %-Acrylamide/Bis Mixed Solution (29:1)</strong></td>
<td> SP</td>
<td> SP</td>
<td> nacalai tesque </td>
<td> nacalai tesque </td>
Line 546: Line 624:
<td><font color="#000000">L1F7876</font></td>
<td><font color="#000000">L1F7876</font></td>


</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate(SDS)</strong></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS)</strong></td>
<td> Wako 1st Grade </td>
<td> Wako 1st Grade </td>
<td> Wako</td>
<td> Wako</td>
Line 553: Line 631:
<td><font color="#000000">LAN1411</font></td>
<td><font color="#000000">LAN1411</font></td>


</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>SSC Buffer 20x Concentrate</strong></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>SSC Buffer 20×Concentrate</strong></td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> SIGMA</td>
<td> SIGMA</td>
Line 566: Line 644:
<td> 25952-53-8</td>
<td> 25952-53-8</td>
<td><font color="#000000">FJXDI</font></td>
<td><font color="#000000">FJXDI</font></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Suberic acid bis(3-sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) sodium salt</strong></td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> SIGMA</td>
<td> S5799-25MG</td>
<td> ***</td>
<td><font color="#000000">051M4067V</font></td>


</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>SYBR Gold nucleic acid gel stain</strong></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>SYBR Gold nucleic acid gel stain</strong></td>
Line 588: Line 659:
<td><font color="#000000">LAQ5967</font></td>
<td><font color="#000000">LAQ5967</font></td>


</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Tris-Borate-EDTA Buffer (10X), Nuclease an Protease tested [TBE Buffer]</strong></td>
</tr><tr><td align="center"><strong>Tris-Borate-EDTA Buffer (10×), Nuclease an Protease tested [TBE Buffer]</strong></td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> ***</td>
<td> nacalai tesque</td>
<td> nacalai tesque</td>
Line 610: Line 681:
</table>
</table>


 
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:20px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>
<hr>
<hr>
==Laboratory instrument==


*Micro fine machining center
=Software=
:Roland MODELA MDX-40A
==Sequence Design==
:http://www.rolanddg.com/product/3d/3d/mdx-40a/index.html
 
*Mili-Q water
:http://www.millipore.com/catalogue/item/zrqsvp0ww
 
*Tabletop Centrifuge
:[http://www.wakenyaku.co.jp/pro/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=99&category_id=&manufacturer_id=20&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=29](Only Japanese)
 
*Ultracentrifuge
:HITACHI himac CT 15RE
:http://www.hitachi-koki.com/himac/centrifuges/ct15e/ct15e.html
 
*Fluorescence Phase contrast microscope
:OLYMPUS CKX41
:http://www.microscopy.olympus.eu/microscopes/Life_Science_Microscopes_Routine_microscope_CKX41.html
*Shaker
:LMS SHM2001
:http://www.lms.co.jp/commodity/cat1/cat0101/post_43.html
*Rotator of micro tube
:As One MTR-103
:http://www.justis.as-1.co.jp/jus-tis/web/DetailEnglish.aspx?sid=justis&catalog=GJ&group=G025401&no=&op_from=jus-tis
*Band Saw
:Hozan K-100
:http://www.hozan.co.jp/E/catalog/Metal_working/K100.html
*DESICCATOR VACUUM
:AS ONE 1-068-01
:http://www.justis.as-1.co.jp/jus-tis/web/DetailEnglish.aspx?sid=justis&catalog=GJ&group=G007103&no=&op_from=jus-tis
*Vacuum pumps
:TGK LV-435A
:http://www.tgk.co.jp/info/0904645105s.html
*Camera
:CASIO EX-F1
:http://www.casio-intl.com/dc/ex_f1/
*Heating Block
:THERMO BLOCK ND-M01
:http://www.tech-jam.com/scientific_research_equipment/incubator/kn3316700.phtml (Only Japanese)
 
<hr>
==Software==
===Sequence Design===
*NUPACK: Software to design DNA arraignment.
*NUPACK: Software to design DNA arraignment.
:→Direct Link:http://www.nupack.org/partition/browser
:→Direct Link:http://www.nupack.org/partition/browser
*The DINAMelt Web Server: We used to know K_m of DNA strand.
*The DINAMelt Web Server: We used to know K_m of DNA strand.
:→Direct Link:http://mfold.rna.albany.edu/?q=DINAMelt
:→Direct Link:http://mfold.rna.albany.edu/?q=DINAMelt
===Software of editing===
==Software of editing==
*Paint.net: Image processing software. We used it to control light and shade.
*Paint.net: Image processing software. We used it to control light and shade.
:→Direct Link:http://www.paint.net/
:→Direct Link:http://www.paint.net/
Line 668: Line 698:
:→Direct Link:http://inkscape.org/index.php?lang=en
:→Direct Link:http://inkscape.org/index.php?lang=en
*Chem Bio Draw: We used it mainly to draw chemical formula.  
*Chem Bio Draw: We used it mainly to draw chemical formula.  
:→Direct Link:http://www.cambridgesoft.com/software/details/?fid=15&pid=226  
:→Direct Link:http://www.cambridgesoft.com/software/details/?fid=15&pid=226
*aviutl: We used it mainly to edit YouTube videos.  
==Software for YouTube==
:→Direct Link:http://www.gigafree.net/media/me/aviutl.html
*Sakura editor: We used it to make music.
*trakAxPC: We used it mainly to edit YouTube videos.  
:→Direct Link:http://oto.chu.jp/
:→Direct Link:http://www.trakax.com/software/pc/download/
*Sound Engine: We used it to edit music.
*CyberLink power director: We used it mainly to edit YouTube videos.
:→Direct Link:http://soundengine.jp/
:→Direct Link:http://www.cyberlink.com/products/powerdirector/overview_en_US.html
<div align = "right" style="padding-right:200px">[[#TOP|↑Page Top]]</div>

Latest revision as of 22:02, 27 October 2012


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Protocols

    In this page, detailed protocols are described as supplementary information.

Vapor Deposition

  • Preparation for deposition
  1. pipette 10 µL 10 µM polystyrene-beads into 2.0 mL tube.
  2. add 200 µL milliQ into the tube.
  3. mix the tube by vortex.
  4. extend the polystyrene-beads on the cover glass.
  5. dry the cover glass.
  • 1st Deposition
  1. increase the pressure in Bell jar.
  2. put cover off and lay the jar.
  3. put target material (Cr, Au) in the basket.
※the amount of PVD is related to the Volume of targets.
4. vacuuming (to 1.0×10-3Pa)
<energization>
※Au can't connect with polystyrene beads, so we deposit Au after Cr.
5. increase electric current slowly.
6. (Cr) 1st: stop at 15 A and keep 30 seconds. / 2nd: stop at 15 A and keep 50 seconds.
(Au): confirm melting at 8 A and keep 11 A until all Au has evaporated.
7. off electric current
8. cool down
9. increase pressure
10. take out the sample
11. vacuuming (to 1.0×101)
※※
  1. wash the surface of the cover glass with 70% ethanol.
  2. wash the surface of the cover glass with 70% ethanol.
  3. pipette 70% ethanol and polystyrene-beads into a 2.0 mL tube.
  4. centrifuge the tube by tabletop centrifuge.
  5. remove supernatant.
  6. repeat 3 to 5
  7. extend the polystyrene-beads over a cover glass.
  8. dry the cover glass.
  • 2nd Deposition
Repeat※※
  • Reagent
10 µm polystyrene beads, Au 2 cm, Cr, MilliQ, 70% ethanol

EDAC conjugation

  1. Pipet 12.5 mg of polystirene-beads into a 1.5 mL tube.
  2. Pellet the micro-beads via centrifugation for 5 minutes at 1000×G.
  3. Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 0.4 mL of PolyLink Coupling Buffer.
  4. Pellet again via centrifugation for 5 minutes at 1000×G.
  5. Resuspend the micro-beads pellet in 0.17 mL of PolyLink Coupling Buffer.
  6. Just before use, prepare a 200 mg/mL EDAC solution by dissolving 10 mg PolyLink EDAC in 50 µL Polylink Coupling Buffer.
  7. Add 20 µL of the EDAC solution to the micro-beads suspension.
  8. Mix gently end-over-end or briefly vortex.
  9. Add 5 nmol of aminated DNA. Mix gently end-over-end or briefly vortex.
  10. Incubate for 90 minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
  11. Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 1000×G.
  12. Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 0.4 mL Polylink Wash/Storage Buffer.
  13. Repeat Steps 12-13 for three times.
  14. Store particles at 4°C in Polylink Wash/Storage Buffer.

Confirmation of EDAC conjugation

  1. Pipet 12.5 mg of EDAC conjugated polystirene-beads into a 1.5 mL tube.
  2. Pellet the micro-beads via centrifugation for 5 minutes at 1000×G.
  3. Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 0.1 mL of 3×SSC Buffer
  4. Drip 5 µL of 10 µM Fluorescent beads with a complementary DNA
  5. Incubated for 10 minutes at 90°C
  6. Incubated for 40 minutes at room temperature
  7. Observing the fluorescence

Observation Conditions

ISO6400
Exposure time (Transmitted Light) 1/100 seconds
Exposure time (Blue Light) 2 seconds
Magnification 10×40=400

Gold and thiol modified DNA conjugation

  1. Weight 0.25 mg of gold-vapored 10 µm polystyrene beads into a 1.5 mL eppendorf tube.
  2. Suspend micro-bieds in 1 mL of Milli-Q water
  3. Pellet the micro-bieds via centrifugation for 15 seconds at 1260-2680×G
  4. Remove platinum agglomerate
  5. Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
  6. Resuspend micro-beads in 0.4 mL of 1 M NaOH
  7. Incubate for 1 hour at room temperature with gentle mixing
  8. Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
  9. Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 1 mL of Milli-Q water
  10. Repeat steps 6-7 for five times
  11. Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 20 µL of 10 µM thiol modified DNA and 10 mM pH 8 Phosphate buffer
  12. Incubate for 24 hours at room temperature with gentle mixing
  13. Add 10 µL of 1 M NaCl, then Incubated at room temperature for 2 hours
  14. Repeat steps 13 for 3 times.
  15. Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
  16. Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 3×SSC buffer
  17. Repeat steps 15-16 for 3 times.
  18. Store particles at 4°C in 3×SSC buffer

Platinum particle and thiol –modified DNA conjugation

  1. Weight 1 mg of 0.15-0.40 µm platinum particle into a 1.5 mL eppendorf tube.
  2. Suspend micro-bieds in 1 mL of Milli-Q water
  3. Pellet the micro-bieds via centrifugation for 15 seconds at 1260-2680×G
  4. Remove platinum agglomerate
  5. Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
  6. Resuspend micro-beads in 0.4 mL of 1 M NaOH
  7. Incubate for 1 hour at room temperature with gentle mixing
  8. Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
  9. Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 1 mL of Milli-Q water
  10. Repeat steps 6-7 for five times
  11. Resuspend micro-beads pellet in 20 µL of 10 µM thiol modified DNA and 10 mM pH 8 Phosphate buffer
  12. Incubate for 24 hours at room temperature with gentle mixing
  13. Add 10 µL of 1 M NaCl, then Incubated at room temperature for 2 hours
  14. Repeat steps 13 for 3 times.
  15. Centrifuge mixture for 10 minutes at 15000×G
  16. Resuspend micro-bieds pellet in 3×SSC buffer
  17. Repeat steps 15-16 for 3 times.
  18. Store particles at 4°C in 3×SSC buffer

Catalyst conjugation

  1. Weight 1 mg of thiolated DNA modified platinum particles and DNA modified polystyrene beads into a 1.5 mL eppendorf tube
  2. Suspend micro-beads and platinum particles in 1 mL of 3×SSC buffer
  3. Incubate for 10 minutes at 90°C
  4. Incubate for 40 minutes at room temperature

PAGE protocol

  1. Make 20% polyacrylamide gel.
  2. Put into a microwave oven and liquefy urea for 15 seconds.
  3. Wait until the solution become the room temperature.
  4. Add 10% APS 150 µL and TEMED 4 µL.
  5. Put the solution into the gel box.
  6. Insert comb and wait it becomes coagulate (about 30 minutes).
  7. Make another gel box and prepare double gel boxes.
  8. Set up a tub for electrophoresis.
  9. Set double gel boxes and pour 1×TBE running buffer into the tub (upper tub’s buffer is new running buffer, and lower tub’s buffer is recycle buffer).
  10. Incline the tub to remove bubbles under gels.
  11. Clear wells of the gel by pipette to remove unharden gel solution.
  12. Connect the tub to a power source.
  13. Pre-run at specified voltage (250 V or 300 V) for 20 minutes.
  14. Clear wells of the gel by pipette again.
  15. Load wells with sample solution 5 µL.(sample 3µL + 2×BPB solution 3 µL = sample solution 6 µL)
  16. Run at specified voltage (250 V or 300 V) for specified time (50 minutes)
  17. Put the gels into a SYBR gold solution taper. (SYBR-Gold solution: 10000×SYBR gold 20 µL + 1×TBE 200 mL)
  18. Shake the taper by hand for 10 minutes. (using used SYBR gold solution, shake for 15 or 20 minutes)
  19. Take out the gels.
  20. Spot blue light to observe the gel.
  21. Take pictures through an orange filter by camera.

Ascertain that DNA form duplex in 1~5% H2O2 solution without degenerated by H2O2

  1. make sample
solution amount strength
40% acrylamide gel 5 mL 20%
10×TBE 1 mL 1×
Milli-Q 4 mL
Mass 10 mL


  • 40% acrylamide gel 5 mL
  • 10×TBE 1 mL
  • MilliQ 4 mL


  • Way to make samples for electrophoresis

Make solutions ①～⑦ as table below

No. ① ① ② ② ③ ③
solution amount strengthen amount strengthen amount strengthen
Milli-Q water 18 µL 16 µL 8 µL
10% H2O2 0 µL 0% 2 µL 1% 10 µL 5%
100 µM ssDNA F 0.5 µL 2.5 µM 0.5 µL 2.5 µM 0.5 µL 2.5 µM
100 µM ssDNA R 0.5 µL 2.5 µM 0.5 µL 2.5 µM 0.5 µL 2.5 µM
10×SSC 1 µL 0.5× 1 µL 0.5× 1 µL 0.5×
Mass 20 µL 20 µL 20 µL
No.
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
solution amount strengthen amount strengthen amount strengthen amount strengthen
Milli-Q water 18.5 µL 8.5 µL 18.5 µL 8.5 µL
10% H2O2 0 µL 0% 10 µL 1% 0 µL 5% 10
100 µM ssDNA F 0.5 µL 2.5 µM 0.5 µL 2.5 µM 0 µL 0 µM 0 µL 0 µM
100 µM ssDNA R 0 µL 0 µM 0 µL 0 µM 0.5 µL 2.5 µM 0.5 µL 2.5 µM
10×SSC 1 µL 0.5× 1 µL 0.5× 1 µL 0.5× 1 µL 0.5×
Mass 20 µL 20 µL 20 µL 20 µL
2. Incubate for 90 minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
3.anealing complementary strands for 10 minutes at 80°C
4. Incubate for 90 minutes at room temperature with gentle mixing.
5. Load wells with sample solution 5 µL. (sample 3 µL + 2×BPB solution 3 µL = sample solution 6 µL)
6. Run at specified voltage (250 V or 300 V) for specified time (50 minutes)
7. Put the gels into a SYBR gold solution taper. (SYBR-Gold solution: 10000×SYBR gold 20 µL + MilliQ water 200 mL)
8. Shake the taper by hand for 10 minutes.(using used SYBR gold solution, shake for 15 or 20 minutes)
9. Take out the gels.
10. Spot blue light to observe the gel.
11. Take pictures through an orange filter by camera.

Observation of the platinum particles

  1. Make a solvent of about 100 µL in an Eppendorf tube.
  2. Put beads in another Eppendorf tube with a spatula.
  3. Remove the dust on the surface of silicon rubber with the like Scotch tape.
  4. Drill holes in the silicon rubber with a belt punch.
  5. Press the holed silicon rubber to the surface of a dish.
  6. Add the beads in the tube to the solvent.
  7. Shake the tube by voltex and set in the Ultrasound device.
  8. Inject the beads solution into the hole of silicon rubber.
  9. Set the dish to the observation units after down the objective lens to the bottom.
  10. Observe with the eyepiece.

Observation of platinum hemisphere in solution of H2O2

  1. Weight 0.5 mg of platinum hemisphere particles into a schale
  2. Suspend 1~3% H2O2 solution until liquid surface is flat
  3. Wait 1 minute in order to stabilize bubble emissions
  4. Observed with a microscope

Observation of catalase conjugated 10 micro beads in solution of H2O2

  1. Weight 0.5 mg of catalase conjugated 10 micro beads into a schale
  2. Suspend 1~3% H2O2 solution until liquid surface is flat
  3. Wait 1 minute in order to stabilize bubble emissions
  4. Observed with a microscope

Observation of dissociation of dsDNA with UV-light

prepare

  • 100 µM seqA 4Azo_5thiol←DNAi
  • 100 µM seqAc 4Azo_5thiol←DNAii
  • 2×SSC
  • MilliQ water
solution A
solution amount strength
100 µM seqA 4Azo_5thiol 5 µL 10 µM
2×SSC 25 µL 1×
MlliQ water 20 µL
Mass 50 µL
solution B
solution amount strength
100 µM seqAc_5thiol 5 µL 10 µM
2×SSC 25 μL 1×
MlliQ water 20 µL
Mass 50 µL
Solution A+B
solution amount strength
A 50 µL DNAi 5 µM
B 50 µL DNAii 5 µM
Mass 100 µL
Finally prepared solution
solution amount
Solution A 10 µL
Solution B 10 µL
Solution A+B 80 µL

Way to hybridize DNA

  1. Irradiate visible-light (blue-light λ > 400 nm) to solution A and B for 5 minutes with Visible-light irradiation equipment (Epi-Green Slim pro S) to stabilize trans-azobenzene
  2. mix 40 µL of each solution under the visible light
  3. irradiate visible light for 10 minutes again
  4. Put solution into dark box at 4°C for 12 hours to cool down for hybridization

Irradiate UV-light to DNA duplex and measures absorbance

  1. Irradiated UV-light (365 nm, 30 mW/cm2) to a solution A+B for 1, 5 minutes
  2. Measured absorbance of each DNA solutions (1~5) near 260 nm wavelength of light. The Abs of each DNA solution we measured was as follows (table below).
No Solusion (time exposed UV-light (MINUTES) )
1 A (0)
2 B (0)
3 A+B (0)
4 A+B (1)
5 A+B (5)
  1. Irradiated UV-light (365 nm, 180mW/cm2) to a solution A+B for 5, 10, 30, 40, 50 seconds.
  2. Measured absorbance of each DNA solutions (1~8) near 260 nm wavelength of light. The Abs of each DNA solution we measured was as follows (table below).
No Solusion (time exposed UV-light (SECONDS) )
1 A (0)
2 B (0)
3 A+B (0)
4 A+B (5)
5 A+B (10)
6 A+B (20)
7 A+B (30)
8 A+B (40)
9 A+B (50)

Material Lists and Kits

Name
 grade Supplier
 Product code
 Cat No Lot No
Hydrogen peroxide (30%) Wako 1st Grade Wako 081-04215 *** TLM1384
POLY BEAD CARBOXYLATE 10.0 micron microsperes *** Polyscience 9003-53-6 18133 643610
Glass beads GBL-40 *** APPIE 101021 *** JISZ890
Platinum 0.15~0.45 µm 99.9% *** ALDRICH 1001302221 1310-73-2 MKBH4608V
Platinum 1 µm *** micromer 01-83-103 *** 1551201-01
Catalase, from Bovine Liver Wako 1st Grade Wako 039-12901 EC1.11.1.6 LAG1488
Sodium Dihidrogenphosphate Dihydrate Wako 1st Grade Wako 192-02835 *** LAR4091
Disodium Hydrogenphosphate 12-Water Wako 1st Grade Wako 196-02835 *** LAQ5931
6×Lording Buffer Double Dye Wako 1st Grade Wako 313-90351 *** 02008D
Sodium Chloride Wako 1st Grade Wako 191-01665 *** DCN6646
Sodium Hydroxide Wako 1st Grade Wako 198-13765 1310-73-2 LAN1989
Ethnol(99.5)
 Wako 1st Grade
 Wako 057-00451 64-17-5 DBM6540
Albumin, from Bovine Serum, Cohn Fraction V, pH 7.0
 Biochmistry
 Wako 013-23291 *** STF3372
Ultra PureTM 1 M Tris-HCL pH 8.0 *** invitrogenTM 15568-025 *** 9949164
40 (w/v) %-Acrylamide/Bis Mixed Solution (29:1) SP nacalai tesque *** *** L1F7876
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Wako 1st Grade Wako 196-08675 151-4-3 LAN1411
SSC Buffer 20×Concentrate *** SIGMA *** S6639-1L 021M8403
1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide Hydrochloride SU TCI D1601 25952-53-8 FJXDI
SYBR Gold nucleic acid gel stain *** life technologiesTM S11494 *** 927072
Urea for Molecular Biology Wako 211-01213 57-13-6 LAQ5967
Tris-Borate-EDTA Buffer (10×), Nuclease an Protease tested [TBE Buffer] *** nacalai tesque 35440-31 *** L1A6455
PolyLink - Protein Coupling Kit for COOH Microparticles For Microparticles 1.0 Micron or Larger *** Polysciences, Inc. 24350 *** 631643
PolyLink EDAC ***
 Polysciences, Inc. 2435C *** 631321

Software

Sequence Design

  • NUPACK: Software to design DNA arraignment.
→Direct Link:http://www.nupack.org/partition/browser
  • The DINAMelt Web Server: We used to know K_m of DNA strand.
→Direct Link:http://mfold.rna.albany.edu/?q=DINAMelt

Software of editing

  • Paint.net: Image processing software. We used it to control light and shade.
→Direct Link:http://www.paint.net/
  • Image J: Image analysis software. We used it to process photo of electrophoresis.
→Direct Link:http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/
  • Inkscape: We used it to draw figures.
→Direct Link:http://inkscape.org/index.php?lang=en
  • Chem Bio Draw: We used it mainly to draw chemical formula.
→Direct Link:http://www.cambridgesoft.com/software/details/?fid=15&pid=226

Software for YouTube

  • Sakura editor: We used it to make music.
→Direct Link:http://oto.chu.jp/
  • Sound Engine: We used it to edit music.
→Direct Link:http://soundengine.jp/
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