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<h1 class="title"><a name="background">&nbsp;Motivation</a></h1>
<h1 class="title"><a name="background">&nbsp;Motivation</a></h1>
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<font style="font-size:30px;">"Let’s design a self moving vessel!"</font>
<font style="font-size:30px;">"Let’s design a self moving vessel!"</font>

Revision as of 02:40, 23 August 2014

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   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa"><img src="http://openwetware.org/images/e/ec/LogoKashiwa.png" onmouseover="this.src='http://openwetware.org/images/7/7a/Logo2Kashiwa.png'" onclick="this.src='http://openwetware.org/images/1/1d/Logo2.5.png'" onmouseout="this.src='http://openwetware.org/images/e/ec/LogoKashiwa.png'" height="80px" width="120px" name="def"></a>
   </li>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">PROJECT</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Background</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Motivation</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Project#3" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Project Goals</span></a></li>
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   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Trial" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">&nbsp;EARLY TRIAL&nbsp;</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Trial#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Design</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Trial#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Approaches</span></a></li>
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   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Design" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">DESIGN</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Design#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">The Receptor</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Design#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">The Motor</span></a></li>
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   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Highlights" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">&nbsp;EXPERIMENT&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></a>
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       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Highlights" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Highlights</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Receptor" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">The Receptor</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Motor" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">The Motor</span></a></li>
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   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Discussion" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;DISCUSSION&nbsp;</span></a>
     <ul class="sub">
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Discussion#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Achievements</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Discussion#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Future</span></a></li>
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   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Protocols" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">PROTOCOL</span></a>
   </li>
   <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Team" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">TEAM</span></a>
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       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Team#1" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Members</span></a></li>
       <li><a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/Biomod/2014/Kashiwa/Team#2" onMouseOver="On('img1')" onMouseOut="Off()"><span style="font-size:12pt;">Sponsors</span></a></li>
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   </li>
 </font>
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<body> <a name="1"></a> <font face="Futura,Arial,Frutiger" font size="24px">PROJECT</font> <br> <br> Artificial immune system for cancer cells <br> <h1 class="title"><a name="background">&nbsp;Background</a></h1> Immunotherapies against cancer attracts attentions as an effective way to kill tumors. In 2011, Ralph Steinman received Novel prize for his discovery of dendritic cells and its role in adaptive immunity which can be used for the cancer immunotherapy. <br> <br> <font size="14pt"> What is cancer immunotherapy?</font> <br> Cancer immunotherapy induces the immune system to reject and destroy tumors. <br>表：Merits Problems <br>(Merits) <br>(Problems)Induced immune cells that are cultured in vitro(italic) cannot reproduce in patients' bodies and have very short life length.(具体的な時間を教えてください) <br> Culturing immune cells in vitro(italic) takes time.(具体的な時間を教えてください) <br> (Concerns about effects on a patient's natural immune system.(実際に問題としてあるか調べる)) <br>The first problem of a irreproducibility can be solves using stem cells such as iPS cells (induced pluripotency stem cells) by stimulating the differentiation to the specific T lymphocytes. However, establishment of the stem cells and differentiation to T-cells in vitro(italic) are troublesome and time-costly as the treatment is patient-specific and the differentiated T-cells are fragile. <br> <br> <h1 class="title"><a name="background">&nbsp;Motivation</a></h1> <br> <font style="font-size:30px;">"Let’s design a self moving vessel!"</font> <br> <p class="paragraph">In order to overcome the pre-stated problem, we decided to build a vessel which moves by not only diffusion but also its internal force; like a ship swims around in the sea by its motor.</p> <br> <font style="font-size:30px;">"But how can we move a vessel?"</font> <br> <p class="paragraph">Facing this difficult problem, we believed we can get an idea from an actual cell in a human body. A dendritic cell, an antigen-presenting cell of the mammalian immune system, moves in a body by migration. The cell has spines which are small actin-rich protrusions; by remodeling (polymerizing and depolymerizing) actin filaments inside, it can change shape and migrate.</p> <p class="paragraph">So that is it! We planned to develop an actin-like monomer (named “Motor-Monomer”) that polymerizes on one end and depolymerizes on the other end to allow mobilization, just as actin filaments in dendritic cells do. We put the Motor-Monomers into a liposome which the Receptor was connected. This Receptor recognizes the outside signal and emits the Polymerization Initiator so that the Motor-Monomers grow to be the Motor-Polymer and a liposome starts patrolling in a body.</p> <p class="paragraph">As we modeled this polymerizing-in-a-liposome system on a dendritic immune cell, we named it "Polymeric and Liposomal Immune Cell (PoLICe)."</p>

<br> <br> <a name="2"></a> <br> <br> <br> <a name="Goals"><h1 class="title"><a name="Goals">&nbsp;Project Goals</a></h1> <p>The goal we decided to achieve during the summer is to

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