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==Codon table== | Codon tables describe how the triplet codon of RNA (or DNA) is read by specific tRNAs to map to a particular [[Amino acids|amino acid]]. Many organisms use the Standard Codon Table, shown below. | ||
Comprehensive information about codon usage in different organisms can be found at the [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Utils/wprintgc.cgi NCBI Taxonomy site] | |||
==Standard Codon table== | |||
<table id="Table 1" border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"> | <table id="Table 1" border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0"> | ||
Line 5: | Line 10: | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td rowspan=1 colspan=1></td> | <td rowspan=1 colspan=1></td> | ||
<th> | <th><tt>U</tt></th> | ||
<th>C</th> | <th><tt>C</tt></th> | ||
<th>A</th> | <th><tt>A</tt></th> | ||
<th>G</th> | <th><tt>G</tt></th> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<th> | <th><tt>U</tt></th> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>UUU Phe </tt> '''<tt>F'''</tt> [[Phenylalanine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UUC Phe </tt> '''<tt>F'''</tt> [[Phenylalanine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UUA Leu </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UUG Leu </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br /> | |||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>UCU Ser </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UCC Ser </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UCA Ser </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UCG Ser </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br /> | |||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>UAU Tyr </tt> '''<tt>Y'''</tt> [[Tyrosine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UAC Tyr </tt> '''<tt>Y'''</tt> [[Tyrosine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UAA Ochre</tt> (''Stop'')<br /> | |||
<tt>UAG Amber</tt> (''Stop'')<br /> | |||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>UGU Cys </tt> '''<tt>C'''</tt> [[Cysteine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UGC Cys </tt> '''<tt>C'''</tt> [[Cysteine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>UGA Opal </tt> (''Stop'')<br /> | |||
<tt>UGG Trp </tt> '''<tt>W'''</tt> [[Tryptophan]]<br /> | |||
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<th>C</th> | <th><tt>C</tt></th> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>CUU Leu </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>CUC Leu </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>CUA Leu </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>CUG Leu </tt> '''<tt>L'''</tt> [[Leucine]]<br /> | |||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>CCU Pro </tt> '''<tt>P'''</tt> [[Proline]]<br /> | |||
CCC Pro '''P''' [[Proline]]<br /> | <tt>CCC Pro </tt> '''<tt>P'''</tt> [[Proline]]<br /> | ||
CCA Pro '''P''' [[Proline]]<br /> | <tt>CCA Pro </tt> '''<tt>P'''</tt> [[Proline]]<br /> | ||
CCG Pro '''P''' [[Proline]]<br /> | <tt>CCG Pro </tt> '''<tt>P'''</tt> [[Proline]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>CAU His </tt> '''<tt>H'''</tt> [[Histidine]]<br /> | |||
CAC His '''H''' [[Histidine]]<br /> | <tt>CAC His </tt> '''<tt>H'''</tt> [[Histidine]]<br /> | ||
CAA Gln '''Q''' [[Glutamine]]<br /> | <tt>CAA Gln </tt> '''<tt>Q'''</tt> [[Glutamine]]<br /> | ||
CAG Gln '''Q''' [[Glutamine]]<br /> | <tt>CAG Gln </tt> '''<tt>Q'''</tt> [[Glutamine]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>CGU Arg </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br /> | |||
CGC Arg '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br /> | <tt>CGC Arg </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br /> | ||
CGA Arg '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br /> | <tt>CGA Arg </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br /> | ||
CGG Arg '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br /> | <tt>CGG Arg </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<th>A</th> | <th><tt>A</tt></th> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>AUU Ile </tt> '''<tt>I'''</tt> [[Isoleucine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>AUC Ile </tt> '''<tt>I'''</tt> [[Isoleucine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>AUA Ile </tt> '''<tt>I'''</tt> [[Isoleucine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>AUG Met </tt> '''<tt>M'''</tt> [[Methionine]], ''Start''<br /> | |||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>ACU Thr </tt> '''<tt>T'''</tt> [[Threonine]]<br /> | |||
ACC Thr '''T''' [[Threonine]]<br /> | <tt>ACC Thr </tt> '''<tt>T'''</tt> [[Threonine]]<br /> | ||
ACA Thr '''T''' [[Threonine]]<br /> | <tt>ACA Thr </tt> '''<tt>T'''</tt> [[Threonine]]<br /> | ||
ACG Thr '''T''' [[Threonine]]<br /> | <tt>ACG Thr </tt> '''<tt>T'''</tt> [[Threonine]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>AAU Asn </tt> '''<tt>N'''</tt> [[Asparagine]]<br /> | |||
AAC Asn '''N''' [[Asparagine]]<br /> | <tt>AAC Asn </tt> '''<tt>N'''</tt> [[Asparagine]]<br /> | ||
AAA Lys '''K''' [[Lysine]]<br /> | <tt>AAA Lys </tt> '''<tt>K'''</tt> [[Lysine]]<br /> | ||
AAG Lys '''K''' [[Lysine]]<br /> | <tt>AAG Lys </tt> '''<tt>K'''</tt> [[Lysine]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>AGU Ser </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br /> | |||
AGC Ser '''S''' [[Serine]]<br /> | <tt>AGC Ser </tt> '''<tt>S'''</tt> [[Serine]]<br /> | ||
AGA Arg '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br /> | <tt>AGA Arg </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br /> | ||
AGG Arg '''R''' [[Arginine]]<br /> | <tt>AGG Arg </tt> '''<tt>R'''</tt> [[Arginine]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<th>G</th> | <th><tt>G</tt></th> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>GUU Val </tt> '''<tt>V'''</tt> [[Valine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>GUC Val </tt> '''<tt>V'''</tt> [[Valine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>GUA Val </tt> '''<tt>V'''</tt> [[Valine]]<br /> | |||
<tt>GUG Val </tt> '''<tt>V'''</tt> [[Valine]]<br /> | |||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>GCU Ala </tt> '''<tt>A'''</tt> [[Alanine]]<br /> | |||
GCC Ala '''A''' [[Alanine]]<br /> | <tt>GCC Ala </tt> '''<tt>A'''</tt> [[Alanine]]<br /> | ||
GCA Ala '''A''' [[Alanine]]<br /> | <tt>GCA Ala </tt> '''<tt>A'''</tt> [[Alanine]]<br /> | ||
GCG Ala '''A''' [[Alanine]]<br /> | <tt>GCG Ala </tt> '''<tt>A'''</tt> [[Alanine]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>GAU Asp </tt> '''<tt>D'''</tt> [[Aspartic acid]]<br /> | |||
GAC Asp '''D''' [[Aspartic acid]]<br /> | <tt>GAC Asp </tt> '''<tt>D'''</tt> [[Aspartic acid]]<br /> | ||
GAA Glu '''E''' [[Glutamic acid]]<br /> | <tt>GAA Glu </tt> '''<tt>E'''</tt> [[Glutamic acid]]<br /> | ||
GAG Glu '''E''' [[Glutamic acid]]<br /> | <tt>GAG Glu </tt> '''<tt>E'''</tt> [[Glutamic acid]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
<td> | <td> | ||
<tt>GGU Gly </tt> '''<tt>G'''</tt> [[Glycine]]<br /> | |||
GGC Gly '''G''' [[Glycine]]<br /> | <tt>GGC Gly </tt> '''<tt>G'''</tt> [[Glycine]]<br /> | ||
GGA Gly '''G''' [[Glycine]]<br /> | <tt>GGA Gly </tt> '''<tt>G'''</tt> [[Glycine]]<br /> | ||
GGG Gly '''G''' [[Glycine]]<br /> | <tt>GGG Gly </tt> '''<tt>G'''</tt> [[Glycine]]<br /> | ||
</td> | </td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> |
Latest revision as of 16:47, 15 December 2010
Codon tables describe how the triplet codon of RNA (or DNA) is read by specific tRNAs to map to a particular amino acid. Many organisms use the Standard Codon Table, shown below.
Comprehensive information about codon usage in different organisms can be found at the NCBI Taxonomy site
Standard Codon table
U | C | A | G | |
---|---|---|---|---|
U |
UUU Phe F Phenylalanine |
UCU Ser S Serine |
UAU Tyr Y Tyrosine |
UGU Cys C Cysteine |
C |
CUU Leu L Leucine |
CCU Pro P Proline |
CAU His H Histidine |
CGU Arg R Arginine |
A |
AUU Ile I Isoleucine |
ACU Thr T Threonine |
AAU Asn N Asparagine |
AGU Ser S Serine |
G |
GUU Val V Valine |
GCU Ala A Alanine |
GAU Asp D Aspartic acid |
GGU Gly G Glycine |
1The codon ATG both codes for methionine and serves as an initiation site: the first ATG in an mRNA's coding region is where translation into protein begins.
2UGA can also code for selenomethionine: the twenty-first amino acid, discovered in 1986.
3UAG can also code for pyrrolysine: the twenty-second amino acid, discovered in 2002.