Holcombe:PositionAndMotion

SUPA Sydney University Perception and Action Lab Primer editing help refcard

Phenomenon	interval before transient	interval after transient	Spatial Bias	Temporal Bias- increase w/speed, or temporal freq tuned	Spatial Variab	Temporal Variab	Foveo	attn effect	vectors sum /IOC	land - marks	monotonic inc w/ motion dur	awareness necess	feature space	affects eyemove	retinal motn sufficnt
Flash-lag		yes	some	little	0	80ms	petal[1],[2]	?	yes[3]	less spatial σ?	yes?		yes[4]
Cai[5]			.5deg	0[6, 7]	?	0	fugal[6]
Hazelhoff,[8]		yes[9]	0	large	??	discrepant Ss[6]	??	??	??
Drifting motion's effect on flash[10]	~80ms before matters, dunno greater[11]	80ms later matters but not 300[11]	signif	~0[12],[10]	??	betting0	??	large						not early[13]
Translating object's effect on flash[14]		yes[15][16]		0[15],not much[16]
Frohlich		N/A	.5deg fugal:1.5deg,petal:0[17]	0[6],<27ms[18] fugal:10ms,petal:15ms[17],0-5ms[19],2-8ms[20],79ms[12] 39ms[21],100ms[22]	?	0	fugal[17, 23],0[6]	large				no[24]
Offset localization			small	flash-terminated saturated at slow[2],offset of blurred peaked at slow[25]
onset-repuls				<=15ms[26],[27]
repr momentum			illusion only happens with eye move?[28]	33ms[27]
deValois				large[29][30] Tuned to temporal freq [31][32]	miniscule	miniscule	fugal[1]		yes[30],[33]		NO	No[34]
kinetic edge[35]				read[36]	[36]	[36]	petal[36]
bg motion->IC[37]		not much? only 2 speeds tested[37]
Motion capture[38]
Motion adapt				saturat at 5degpersec/Hz[39]	~0[40]	~0[40]	fugal				Yes[40]		No[41]
binding					0[42]
Tandem[20]
induced motion		0?							Yes[43]
10Hz jitter[44]															yes
Floating square[45]															no
timed buttonpress

Miscellaneous

motion-defined motion contours also are perceived shifted[46]

Refs

1. Linares D and Holcombe AO. Position perception: influence of motion with displacement dissociated from the influence of motion alone. J Neurophysiol. 2008 Nov;100(5):2472-6. DOI:10.1152/jn.90682.2008 |
2. Kanai R, Sheth BR, and Shimojo S. Stopping the motion and sleuthing the flash-lag effect: spatial uncertainty is the key to perceptual mislocalization. Vision Res. 2004;44(22):2605-19. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2003.10.028 |
2. Kanai R, Sheth BR, and Shimojo S. Stopping the motion and sleuthing the flash-lag effect: spatial uncertainty is the key to perceptual mislocalization. Vision Res. 2004;44(22):2605-19. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2003.10.028 |
3. Eagleman DM and Sejnowski TJ. Motion signals bias localization judgments: a unified explanation for the flash-lag, flash-drag, flash-jump, and Frohlich illusions. J Vis. 2007 Mar 13;7(4):3. DOI:10.1167/7.4.3 |
4. Sheth BR, Nijhawan R, and Shimojo S. Changing objects lead briefly flashed ones. Nat Neurosci. 2000 May;3(5):489-95. DOI:10.1038/74865 |

5. Cai, R., & Schlag, J. (2001). A new form of illusory conjunction between color and shape [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 1(3):127, 127a, http://journalofvision.org/1/3/127/, doi:10.1167/1.3.127

6. Linares D, Holcombe AO. Unpublished results. 2008. Reported at VSS 2009, Dissociating motion-induced position illusions by the velocity dependence of both their magnitude and their variability.

7. Gauch A and Kerzel D. Perceptual asynchronies between color and motion at the onset of motion and along the motion trajectory. Percept Psychophys. 2008 Aug;70(6):1092-103. DOI:10.3758/pp.70.6.1092 |

8. Hazelhoff FF, Wiersma H. Die Wahrnehmungszeit [The sensation time]. Zeitschrift für Psychologie. 1924;96:171-188

9. Rotman G, Brenner E, and Smeets JB. Mislocalization of targets flashed during smooth pursuit depends on the change in gaze direction after the flash. J Vis. 2004 Jul 13;4(7):564-74. DOI:10.1167/4.7.4 |
10. Whitney D and Cavanagh P. Motion distorts visual space: shifting the perceived position of remote stationary objects. Nat Neurosci. 2000 Sep;3(9):954-9. DOI:10.1038/78878 |
11. Roach NW and McGraw PV. Dynamics of spatial distortions reveal multiple time scales of motion adaptation. J Neurophysiol. 2009 Dec;102(6):3619-26. DOI:10.1152/jn.00548.2009 |

12. Whitney D, Cavanagh P. (2002) Surrounding motion affects the perceived locations of

    moving stimuli. Visual Cognition 9:139–152.

13. de'Sperati C and Baud-Bovy G. Blind saccades: an asynchrony between seeing and looking. J Neurosci. 2008 Apr 23;28(17):4317-21. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0352-08.2008 |
14. Yilmaz O, Tripathy SP, Patel SS, and Ogmen H. Attraction of flashes to moving dots. Vision Res. 2007 Sep;47(20):2603-15. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2007.06.017 |
15. Durant S and Johnston A. Temporal dependence of local motion induced shifts in perceived position. Vision Res. 2004 Feb;44(4):357-66. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2003.09.022 |
16. Tsui SY, Khuu SK, and Hayes A. The perceived position shift of a pattern that contains internal motion is accompanied by a change in the pattern's apparent size and shape. Vision Res. 2007 Feb;47(3):402-10. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2006.11.003 |
17. Müsseler J and Aschersleben G. Localizing the first position of a moving stimulus: the Fröhlich effect and an attention-shifting explanation. Percept Psychophys. 1998 May;60(4):683-95. DOI:10.3758/bf03206055 |
18. Müsseler J and Kerzel D. The trial context determines adjusted localization of stimuli: reconciling the Fröhlich and onset repulsion effects. Vision Res. 2004;44(19):2201-6. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2004.04.007 |
19. Kerzel D. Different localization of motion onset with pointing and relative judgements. Exp Brain Res. 2002 Aug;145(3):340-50. DOI:10.1007/s00221-002-1126-5 |
20. Müsseler J and Neumann O. Apparent distance reduction with moving stimuli (Tandem Effect): evidence for an attention-shifting model. Psychol Res. 1992;54(4):246-66. DOI:10.1007/BF01358263 |
21. Kerzel D and Müsseler J. Effects of stimulus material on the Fröhlich illusion. Vision Res. 2002 Jan;42(2):181-9. DOI:10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00271-1 |
22. Kirschfeld K and Kammer T. The Fröhlich effect: a consequence of the interaction of visual focal attention and metacontrast. Vision Res. 1999 Nov;39(22):3702-9. DOI:10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00089-9 |
23. Carbone E and Pomplun M. Motion misperception caused by feedback connections: a neural model simulating the Fröhlich effect. Psychol Res. 2007 Nov;71(6):709-15. DOI:10.1007/s00426-006-0060-8 |
24. Arnold DH, Thompson M, and Johnston A. Motion and position coding. Vision Res. 2007 Aug;47(18):2403-10. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2007.04.025 |
25. Fu YX, Shen Y, and Dan Y. Motion-induced perceptual extrapolation of blurred visual targets. J Neurosci. 2001 Oct 15;21(20):RC172. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-20-j0003.2001 |
26. Thornton IM. The onset repulsion effect. Spat Vis. 2002;15(2):219-43. DOI:10.1163/15685680252875183 |
27. Hubbard TL and Motes MA. Does representational momentum reflect a distortion of the length or the endpoint of a trajectory?. Cognition. 2002 Jan;82(3):B89-99. DOI:10.1016/s0010-0277(01)00156-1 |

28. Representation Momentum Beyond Internalized Physics. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2005; 14:4

29. Chung ST, Patel SS, Bedell HE, and Yilmaz O. Spatial and temporal properties of the illusory motion-induced position shift for drifting stimuli. Vision Res. 2007 Jan;47(2):231-43. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2006.10.008 |
30. Mather G and Pavan A. Motion-induced position shifts occur after motion integration. Vision Res. 2009 Nov;49(23):2741-6. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2009.07.016 |
31. Bressler DW and Whitney D. Second-order motion shifts perceived position. Vision Res. 2006 Mar;46(6-7):1120-8. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2005.10.012 |
32. De Valois RL and De Valois KK. Vernier acuity with stationary moving Gabors. Vision Res. 1991;31(9):1619-26. DOI:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90138-u |
33. Rider AT, McOwan PW, and Johnston A. Motion-induced position shifts in global dynamic Gabor arrays. J Vis. 2009 Dec 8;9(13):8.1-8. DOI:10.1167/9.13.8 |
34. Whitney D. Motion distorts perceived position without awareness of motion. Curr Biol. 2005 May 10;15(9):R324-6. DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2005.04.043 |
35. Ramachandran VS and Anstis SM. Illusory displacement of equiluminous kinetic edges. Perception. 1990;19(5):611-6. DOI:10.1068/p190611 |
36. Fan Z and Harris J. Perceived spatial displacement of motion-defined contours in peripheral vision. Vision Res. 2008 Dec;48(28):2793-804. DOI:10.1016/j.visres.2008.09.006 |
37. Lee TC, Khuu SK, Li W, and Hayes A. Distortion in perceived image size accompanies flash lag in depth. J Vis. 2008 Aug 29;8(11):20.1-10. DOI:10.1167/8.11.20 |
38. Ramachandran VS and Inada V. Spatial phase and frequency in motion capture of random-dot patterns. Spat Vis. 1985;1(1):57-67. DOI:10.1163/156856885x00080 |
39. Snowden RJ. Shifts in perceived position following adaptation to visual motion. Curr Biol. 1998 Dec 3;8(24):1343-5. DOI:10.1016/s0960-9822(07)00567-2 |
40. Nishida S and Johnston A. Influence of motion signals on the perceived position of spatial pattern. Nature. 1999 Feb 18;397(6720):610-2. DOI:10.1038/17600 |
41. Whitney D. Contribution of bottom-up and top-down motion processes to perceived position. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2006 Dec;32(6):1380-97. DOI:10.1037/0096-1523.32.6.1380 |

42. Holcombe, A.O. (2009). Temporal binding favors the early phase of color changes, but not of motion changes, yielding the color-motion asynchrony illusion. Visual Cognition- Special issue on binding, 17(1-2), 232-253. doi:10.1080/13506280802340653

43. Post RB, Chi D, Heckmann T, and Chaderjian M. A reevaluation of the effect of velocity on induced motion. Percept Psychophys. 1989 May;45(5):411-6. DOI:10.3758/bf03210714 |
44. Arnold DH and Johnston A. Motion-induced spatial conflict. Nature. 2003 Sep 11;425(6954):181-4. DOI:10.1038/nature01955 |
45. Carlson TA, Schrater P, and He S. Floating square illusion: perceptual uncoupling of static and dynamic objects in motion. J Vis. 2006 Feb 13;6(2):132-44. DOI:10.1167/6.2.4 |
46. Durant S and Zanker JM. The movement of motion-defined contours can bias perceived position. Biol Lett. 2009 Apr 23;5(2):270-3. DOI:10.1098/rsbl.2008.0622 |

47. http://www.klab.caltech.edu/~farshadm/demo/

48. White JM, Levi DM, and Aitsebaomo AP. Spatial localization without visual references. Vision Res. 1992 Mar;32(3):513-26. DOI:10.1016/0042-6989(92)90243-c |

• Biphasic Neuron Extrap
• A-V flash lag
• foveo fugal/petal biases

Temporal variability might arise from:

1. Position shifting that increases with velocity, with constant noise added to velocity
2. Uncertainty in *when* the judgment was supposed to be made
3. For any effects caused by afferent latency (Hazelhoff?), variability in latency

deValois stands out as only temporal bias with spatial variability. Then why doesn't Cai and Frohlich have temporal bias? Only easy explanation would be the possibly-greater blur of the deValois stimuli, so we have to check that. Increasing eccentricity would also increase the spatial uncertainty[48] perhaps allowing temporal to manifest

• The idea of separate position representations (e.g. for first- and second-order motion as suggested by Pavan & Mather 2008) is really fascinating
• Nicolls,Mattingley,Berberovic,Smith,&Bradshaw(2004) review horiz/vert asymmetries we should check out for ideas
• To explain the Cai & Schlag smooth pursuit flash mislocalisation effect, Rotman, Brenner , Smeets (2005) suggest that efference copy motion signal is combined with (absent) retinal motion of flash to yield extrapolation. They present their whack-a-mole targets for variable duration and find the longer the exposure duration, the less mislocalization in the direction of the eye movement. They theorize that the reason is that the longer targets have more retinal motion opposite the pursuit, so this cancels the efference copy to eliminate the extrapolation. An alternative account is that longer exposure improves the integration with spatiotopically stationary landmarks, reducing the reliance on the retinotopic code. Since this does not help for targets moving with the eyes, would have to posit that stabilization thanks to landmarks doesn't happen with moving targets. But this seems unlikely. I would like to see 1) Mislocalization when target moves in orthogonal direction 2) Whether variability (presumably spatial in both cases, since we find spatial for Cai&Schlag), which might implicate growth of a spatial code.