IGEM:MIT/2005/PATHWAYS!!

Pathways We'll Try

• Put pathways you think is worth a try on here. Try to make a list of 5 or less.
• Criteria:

best is dimerization system, conformational change is considerable

has characterized signal path

not essential to the cells

Pathway Websites

• Cell Membrane Pathways
• [1]
• Links to Collections of Pathways
• Different Types of Cytokine Receptor
• BioCarta

ToxR

• [[../ *ToxR* info, etc./]]

Chemotaxis

Chemotaxis pathway in E.Coli

Papers on Chemotaxis/Dimerization:

Role of alpha -Helical Coiled-coil Interactions in Receptor Dimerization, Signaling, and Adaptation during Bacterial Chemotaxis*

Activation of Bacterial Porin Gene Expression by a Chimeric Signal Transducer in Response to Aspartate

Dimerization is required for the activity of the protein histidine kinase CheA that mediates signal transduction in bacterial chemotaxis

MAKING SENSE OF IT ALL: BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS

Integrin Signalling

Picture Integrin signalling controls growth.

In Homo sapiens and mouse

TGF-Beta

Picture This pathway is in H. Sapiens.

Omp

e. coli

OmpR picture from 2004 UT project

Cytokine

Mammalian, S. Cerevisiae

Cytokines are small protein molecules that are the core of communication between immune system cells, and even between these cells and cells belonging to other tissue types. Cytokines act by binding to their cell-specific receptors. These receptors are located in the CELL MEMBRANE and each allows a distinct signal transduction cascade to start in the cell, that eventually will lead to biochemical and phenotypical changes in the target cell.

Most cytokine receptors lack intrinsic kinase activity. They are thought to transmit their regulatory signals primarily by the receptor-associated JAK (Janus kinase) family of tyrosine kinases. Ligand-binding to the receptor leads to JAK activation that phosphorylates cytoplasmic STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) proteins. Following phosphorylation on tyrosine residues, STATs are dimerized (resulting from phosphotyrosine - SH2 domain association). This dimerization is accompanied by translocation of STAT to the nucleus that results in DNA binding to specific response elements, and stimulation of gene transcription.

http://bio.winona.edu/bates/Immunology/images/12_07.gif	http://bbid.grc.nia.nih.gov/geneimages/2.Cytokine_Receptors.jpeg

anyone into flies?

• bunch of Drosophilia pathways ~25 tyrosine kinase pathways, some are rather obscure (i.e. the pathways are not super-crucial to regular life).

no, noone is into flys