Kafatos:Lawniczak, Mara

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Mara Lawniczak Kafatos/Christophides Lab 6th Floor SAF Building Division of Cell & Molecular Biology South Kensington Campus London, SW7 2AZ UK m.lawniczak#imperial,ac,uk (antispam: #→@ ,→.) Tel: +44 (0) 20 7594 3919 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7584 2056

Research interests and active projects

My primary interests revolve around biological interactions that involve antagonistic co-evolution. My Ph.D. was focused on sexual conflict in Drosophila and the molecular basis of male-female interactions. Currently, I am investigating genotype*genotype interactions between Anopheles gambiae mosquito vectors and Plasmodium falciparum parasites.

In collaboration with Dan Neafsey (Broad Institute), Seth Redmond (Imperial College), and Danny Park (Broad Institute), I have developed an Anopheles gambiae SNP chip that interrogates 400,000 positions across the genome of Anopheles gambiae and 1000 positions across the genome of Plasmodium falciparum. Thus far, we have used the chip to investigate population structure in M, S, and Bamako mosquitoes from Mali. I am co-first author on this work, which will be published in Science in October or November 2010.

I have also used the SNP chip to carry out genome-wide association studies (GWAS) mapping genetic variation contributing to the outcome of Plasmodium falciparum infections. Additionally, I am helping several graduate students in the Christophides lab to use the SNP chip to carry out additional GWAS mapping genetic variation contributing to the outcome of Plasmodium berghei LRIM knockdowns (Leanna Upton), Beauveria bassiana (Jo Fernando), Onyongyong virus (Jo Fernando), and Serratia marcescens (Stavros Stathopolous) infections. All of these projects are actively ongoing and producing exciting results, identifying both genes we already know to be involved in response to infections and genes we did not know about. Thus, GWAS in mosquitoes are opening new avenues of research.

My main interest in creating the SNP chip is to use this technology to dissect the genetic basis of genotypic interactions between Anopheles mosquitoes and Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Genotype-genotype interactions are incredibly important in determining the outcome of an infection, and we need to gain a handle on the molecular basis of these interactions if we are to make progress towards vector-based strategies of malaria control.

I am also interested in the biology and underlying speciation genetics of the Anopheles gambiae incipient species M and S and understanding the genetic basis of the speciation process, in general.I have another co-first author paper in Science coming out in October or November 2010 examining the whole genome sequence data from M and S colonies with respect to this question. It is from these sequences that we identified the 400,000 variable positions which we chose to examine on the SNP chip.

Education
University of California, Davis. Ph.D. in Population Biology. 2000- 2004. Advisor: Dr. David Begun.

University of Texas, Austin. First year Ph.D. program in Integrative Biology. 1999-2000. Advisors: Dr. James Bull & Dr. David Begun.

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Bachelor of Science with High Honors in Biology. 1993-1997. Advisors: Dr. Shawn Meagher & Dr. Philip Myers.

Teaching
Guest lecturer for the Advanced Topics in Cellular and Molecular Immunology course led by George Christophides. My lectures are on Population genomics and Genome-wide association studies.

Teaching assistant at UCDavis for Population genetics (2003, 2004) and Evolution (2001,2002)

Topics and systems of interest
evolutionary genetics, sexual conflict, sexual selection, host-parasite antagonistic coevolution, genetic conflict, evolvability, population genetics/genomics, drosophila, anopheles, plasmodium, cephalopods & nepenthes.

Previous appointments
University College London. BBSRC funded postdoctoral researcher. 2004- 2006. Advisor: Dr. Tracey Chapman.

First author publications

1. Bretman A, Lawniczak MK, Boone J, and Chapman T. A mating plug protein reduces early female remating in Drosophila melanogaster. J Insect Physiol. 2010 Jan;56(1):107-13. DOI:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2009.09.010 |
2. Lawniczak MK, Holloway AK, Begun DJ, and Jones CD. Genomic analysis of the relationship between gene expression variation and DNA polymorphism in Drosophila simulans. Genome Biol. 2008;9(8):R125. DOI:10.1186/gb-2008-9-8-r125 |
3. Lawniczak MK and Begun DJ. Molecular population genetics of female-expressed mating-induced serine proteases in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Biol Evol. 2007 Sep;24(9):1944-51. DOI:10.1093/molbev/msm122 |
4. Lawniczak MK, Barnes AI, Linklater JR, Boone JM, Wigby S, and Chapman T. Mating and immunity in invertebrates. Trends Ecol Evol. 2007 Jan;22(1):48-55. DOI:10.1016/j.tree.2006.09.012 |
5. Lawniczak MK and Begun DJ. A QTL analysis of female variation contributing to refractoriness and sperm competition in Drosophila melanogaster. Genet Res. 2005 Oct;86(2):107-14. DOI:10.1017/S0016672305007755 |
6. Lawniczak MK and Begun DJ. A genome-wide analysis of courting and mating responses in Drosophila melanogaster females. Genome. 2004 Oct;47(5):900-10. DOI:10.1139/g04-050 |

Other publications

7. Holloway AK, Lawniczak MK, Mezey JG, Begun DJ, and Jones CD. Adaptive gene expression divergence inferred from population genomics. PLoS Genet. 2007 Oct;3(10):2007-13. DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030187 |