Kara M Dismuke Week 2 Journal

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Definitions

  1. dehydrogenase: enzyme that oxidizes a substrate by transferring hydrogen to an acceptor that is either NAD/NADP or a flavin enzyme. An enzyme that is used to remove hydrogen from its substrate, which is used in the cytochrome (hydrogen carrier) system in respiration to produce a net gain of ATP.
  2. ammonia: the common Name for NH3, a strongly basic, irritating, colourless gas which is lighter than air and readily soluble in water. It is formed in nature as a by-product of protein metabolism in animals. Industrially, it is used in explosives, fertiliser, refrigerants, household cleaning solutions, etc.
  3. flux: The total amount of a quantity passing through a given surface per unit time. Typical quantities include (magnetic) field lines, particles, heat, energy, mass of fluid, etc.
  4. glutamate: major fast excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system
  5. glutamine: A crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins; important in protein metabolism.One of the 20 amino acids that are commonly found in proteins.
  6. proline: One of the 20 amino acids directly coded for in proteins. Structure differs from all the others, in that its side chain is bonded to the nitrogen of the _ amino group, as well as the _ carbon. This makes the amino group a secondary amine and so proline is described as an imino acid. Has strong influence on secondary structure of proteins and is much more abundant in collagens than in other proteins, occurring especially in the sequence glycine proline hydroxyproline. A proline rich region seems to characterise the binding site of SH3 domains.
  7. permease: general term for a membrane protein that increases the permeability of the plasma membrane to a particular molecule, by a process not requiring metabolic energy.
  8. transferase: A suffix to the name of an enzyme indicating that it transfers a specific grouping from one molecule to another, for example acyl transferases transfer acyl groups.
  9. transcription: Transcription is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase. Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language that can be converted back and forth from DNA to RNA by the action of the correct enzymes. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand called a primary transcript. As opposed to DNA replication, transcription results in an RNA complement that includes the nucleotide uracil (U) in all instances where thymine (T) would have occurred in a DNA complement. Also unlike DNA replication where DNA is synthesized, transcription does not involve an RNA primer to initiate RNA synthesis.
  10. metabolite: Any substance produced by metabolism or by a metabolic process.

Outline

  1. What is the main result presented in this paper?
    • Answer:
  2. What is the importance or significance of this work?
    • Answer:
  3. What were the limitations in previous studies that led them to perform this work?
    • Answer:
  4. What were the methods used in the study?
    • Answer:
  5. Briefly state the result shown in each of the figures.
    • Answer:
  6. What do the X and Y axes represent?
    • Answer:
  7. How were the measurements made?
    • Answer:
  8. What trends are shown by the plots and what conclusions can you draw from the data?
    • Answer:
  9. What is the overall conclusion of the study and what are some future directions for research?
    • Answer:

User: Kara M Dismuke

BIOL398-04/S15:Week 2

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