Maloof Lab:PGRP
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Funded by the [http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5338&org=BIO Plant Genome Research Program] at [http://nsf.gov NSF] | Funded by the [http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5338&org=BIO Plant Genome Research Program] at [http://nsf.gov NSF] | ||
==Senior Personnel== | ==Senior Personnel== | ||
| - | *PI: [http:// | + | *PI: [http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/Botany/faculty/Weinig.asp Cynthia Weinig], U. Wyoming |
*Co-PI: [[Maloof_Lab:Julin_Maloof |Julin Maloof]], UC Davis | *Co-PI: [[Maloof_Lab:Julin_Maloof |Julin Maloof]], UC Davis | ||
==Resources== | ==Resources== | ||
| - | Genotypic and phenotypic data generated by this project are available for download [[Maloof_Lab:Resources here]] | + | Genotypic and phenotypic data generated by this project are available for download [[Maloof_Lab:Resources | here]] |
==Abstract== | ==Abstract== | ||
Domestication of wild species is characterized by changes in diverse phenotypic traits, | Domestication of wild species is characterized by changes in diverse phenotypic traits, | ||
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crowding. The results will contribute significantly to both crop improvement and an | crowding. The results will contribute significantly to both crop improvement and an | ||
understanding of weed evolution that may aid in management. | understanding of weed evolution that may aid in management. | ||
| - | + | [[Image:FieldBrapa.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Field experiment at UMN. 150 B. rapa RILs x 12 replicates planted under three experimental treatments: low density, high density, and high density interspecific competition with wheat.]] | |
The research program focuses on crowding responses in Brassica rapa. In addition to the | The research program focuses on crowding responses in Brassica rapa. In addition to the | ||
morphologically diverse domesticated varieties of B. rapa, naturalized populations occur in both | morphologically diverse domesticated varieties of B. rapa, naturalized populations occur in both | ||
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==Publications resulting from this grant== | ==Publications resulting from this grant== | ||
<biblio> | <biblio> | ||
| - | #Weinig-2004 Weinig C. and | + | #Weinig-2004 Weinig C. and Schmitt J. 2004. ''Environmental effects on the expression of quantitative trait loci and implications for phenotypic evolution.'' Bioscience 54: 627. |
| - | #Weinig-2005 Weinig C. 2005. ''Rapid evolutionary responses to selection in heterogeneous environments among agricultural and non-agricultural weed.'' International Journal of Plant Sciences 166: 641. | + | #Weinig-2005 Weinig C. 2005. ''Rapid evolutionary responses to selection in heterogeneous environments among agricultural and non-agricultural weed.'' International Journal of Plant Sciences 166: 641. |
#Nozue-2006 pmid=17080594 | #Nozue-2006 pmid=17080594 | ||
#Balasubramanian-2006 pmid=16732287 | #Balasubramanian-2006 pmid=16732287 | ||
Current revision
Contents |
Molecular evolutionary genetics of crop and weed responses to crowding
Funded by the Plant Genome Research Program at NSF
Senior Personnel
- PI: Cynthia Weinig, U. Wyoming
- Co-PI: Julin Maloof, UC Davis
Resources
Genotypic and phenotypic data generated by this project are available for download here
Abstract
Domestication of wild species is characterized by changes in diverse phenotypic traits, including inflorescence architecture, fruit and seed morphology, infructescence shattering, and the timing of developmental events. These changes result from human selection to increase the harvest index and harvest efficiency. Selection for appropriate environmental responses is also important in this regard. For instance, higher planting densities could increase yield in many crop species, but densities are limited by developmental responses to crowding, in which time to flowering decreases and relative allocation to structural organs increases at the cost of agronomically desirable traits such as leaf, root, and fruit production. Regardless of the trait selected in a crop species, agricultural weeds exhibit dramatic and rapid compensatory evolution that increases weed fitness at the cost of crop productivity. Using comparative genetic and genomics tools, the proposed research investigates the genetic basis of phenotypic responses to crowding. The results will contribute significantly to both crop improvement and an understanding of weed evolution that may aid in management.
The research program focuses on crowding responses in Brassica rapa. In addition to the morphologically diverse domesticated varieties of B. rapa, naturalized populations occur in both agricultural fields and disturbed, weedy sites. Thus, this system is appropriate for investigating both the loci targeted during domestication and those underlying adaptation of weed species to agricultural settings. Moreover, the near relative, Arabidopsis thaliana, is a model for the genetic characterization of shade-avoidance responses, facilitating the identification of orthologous loci under selection in B. rapa. The proposed research takes advantage of current genomic tools to investigate the genetic basis of competitive responses in agricultural and natural settings. Specific research goals include 1) identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fitness and traits affecting competitive ability in field settings in B. rapa and A. thaliana, 2) using controlled light environments to identify QTL important for response to specific environmental cues, 3) quantifying evolutionary responses (measured as allele frequency changes) at QTL determining fitness and phenotypic responses to competition in agricultural and disturbed sites, 4) cloning QTL for traits important to competitive ability with the aim of determining both genetic targets for crop improvement and loci underlying evolutionary change in agricultural weeds.
Publications resulting from this grant
- Weinig C. and Schmitt J. 2004. Environmental effects on the expression of quantitative trait loci and implications for phenotypic evolution. Bioscience 54: 627.
- Weinig C. 2005. Rapid evolutionary responses to selection in heterogeneous environments among agricultural and non-agricultural weed. International Journal of Plant Sciences 166: 641.
- Nozue K and Maloof JN. . pmid:17080594.
- Balasubramanian S, Sureshkumar S, Agrawal M, Michael TP, Wessinger C, Maloof JN, Clark R, Warthmann N, Chory J, and Weigel D. . pmid:16732287.
- Weinig C, Johnston J, German ZM, and Demink LM. . pmid:16685640.
- Maloof JN. . pmid:15999139.
- Weinig C, Brock MT, Dechaine JA, and Welch SM. . pmid:16955329.
- Weinig C, Johnston JA, Willis CG, and Maloof JN. . pmid:17300427.
- Nozue K, Covington MF, Duek PD, Lorrain S, Fankhauser C, Harmer SL, and Maloof JN. . pmid:17589502.
- Dechaine JM, Johnston JA, Brock MT, and Weinig C. . pmid:17822398.
- Brock MT, Tiffin P, and Weinig C. . pmid:17614917.
- Brock MT and Weinig C. . pmid:17941839.
- Filiault DL, Wessinger CA, Dinneny JR, Lutes J, Borevitz JO, Weigel D, Chory J, and Maloof JN. . pmid:18287016.
- Jiménez-Gómez JM and Maloof JN. . pmid:19575805.
- Stinchcombe JR, Weinig C, Heath KD, Brock MT, and Schmitt J. . pmid:19416942.
- Dechaine JM, Gardner G, and Weinig C. . pmid:19453482.
- Dykstra AM, Brock MT, Delph LF, and Weinig C. 2009. Sex-specific trade-offs and responses to foliar shade in the gynodioecious species, Silene vulgaris (Caryophyllaceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences, 170: S75.
