User:Justyne Hindley/Notebook/Biology 210 at AU

Transect on 1/15/ 2016 File:IMG 7256.jphttp://openwetware.org/index.php?title=User:Justyne Hindley/Notebook/Biology 210 at AU&action=editg

Abiotic Factors:

lamp

sprinklers (4)

candy wrapper

Biotic Factors:

leaves

dry soil- closer to the edge of the transect closest to the walking path,

wet soil- throughout the transect where ever there was a sprinkler as well along the back wall,

1 big tree towards the North East side of the transect,

9-10 smaller dead trees scattered throughout the transect,

8 scattered patches of grass,

2-3 clover clumps

Transect lab 1/22/15

The hay infusion smells of something rotten,maybe rotten eggs. The water is a clouded murky yellow and there appears to be some kind of brown mold growth growing on the surface of the water.

The top niche appeared to show mold growth around the leaf in the center as well as around the edge furthest away from the tape label (this will be referred to as the back of the jar in future entries).

The bottom niche appeared to be very calm. There seemed to be two kinds of mold growth both around plants and not. The mold seem to grow around the leaf and the grass shoot at the bottom of the jar.

Dichotomy The description for each of the three dichotomies goes as follows: magnification, name, shape, size, color, description of organism(s)

Top: 40X, Gloecapsa, circle/ oval, 12.5 micrometers, green, motile, algae, and photosynthesizing

Middle: 10X, Arcella and Gloecapsa, circle/ oval, the Arcella was 25 micrometers and the Gloecapsa was 125 micrometers, white and green, motile, algae and photosynthesizing

Bottom: 10X, Amoeba and Arcella, circle/ oval, 125 micrometers and 25 micrometers, light green, motile to non-motile over time, protozoa and photosynthesizing

Diagram of the Serial Dilution for next lab

Organism: Arcella

1.organism is made of a single cell. 

2. Use Pahagocytosis to eat

3. Is a part of a large phylum

4. Asexual

5. Have DNA

Lahr, D. J. G., Parfrey, L. W., Mitchell, E. A. D., Katz, L. A., & Lara, E. (2011). The chastity of amoebae: re-evaluating evidence for sex in amoeboid organisms. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 278(1715), 2081–2090. http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0289

If the Hay Infusion were to grow for another two months, there would most likely not be as many living cells as what can be seen now. Depending on how each of the organisms survive, resources would eventually begin to diminish making it so that only the best organisms, or those with the best fitness could survive.

1/29/2016

Final Hay Infusion Observation:

Transect still smells like sulfur/ rotten eggs

Water is a darker yellow/ brown color

Leaves have fully sunken to the bottom but are still in tact

Small streaks of mold growing across the top of the water

Hypothesis: Over time, organisms will compete for resources which can cause more to grow and others to die off if there isn't enough resources to sustain them.

Archaea species will have most likely grown or not grown on the plate due to the conditions they were plated in and on.

Quantifying and Observing Microorganisms

Table 1: 100 fold Serial Dilution Results

The higher the dilution on either set of plates, the more colonies there were on each plate. However, overall the tetracycline negative plates had more colonies per plate than the tetracycline positive plates.

The tetracycline positive plates only had one type of bacteria growing on them while the tetracycline negative plates appeared to have 3 different types. Based on what was observed, only one type of bacteria was unaffected by the tetracycline.

name of plate

The bacteria was yellow in color and circular. All of the colonies appeared to have entire edges, appeared smooth and glistening as well as convex. This held true for both tetracycline positive plates being observed

Name of plate

Three different types bacteria grew on both tetracycline negative plates.

The first was a dark purple circular bacteria. The edges appeared udulateand the surface appeared wrinkled and rough. Overall the bacteria appeared slightly raised.

The second bacteria appeared to be creamy white and irregularly shaped in some places and circular in others. The edges however tended to consistently appear entire. Finally, the bacteria's surface appeared smooth and glistening and slightly raised.

The third bacteria appeared to be the same as the bacteria that grew on each of the tetracycline plates. It was yellow in color, circular and had entire edges. The surface appeared glistening and smooth and overall the colonies appeared to be convex.

None of the four plates observed had fungus growing on them.

Table 2: Bacteria Colonization Table

Mechanism of Tetracycline

Tetracycline is a tetracylines protein synthesis inhibitor whose main target is also the 30S ribosome (1). With the ability to work against aerobic gram positive and gram negative species, this protein synthesis inhibitors main goal is to inhibit protein translation by preventing the aminoacyl tRNA from binding to the ribosome (1).

2/5/15

Characteristics of Plants Collected from the Transect

Leaves from the transect varied in size shape and color. While the grasses were found clustered with others similar to it, the dead leaf was found on the ground by itself. Assuming it came from the tree in the transect, it can be assumed it grew with others. The clover was also found growing on its own but there were others similar to it throughout the transect. However, the leaves on the single clover appeared to grow in a group of 4. Finally, the fern was also found broken on the ground within the transect; its leaves appear to grow on their own but all together on a branch. All of the plants other than the single brown leaf were bright green in color. The fern branch was the largest, and then it went the leaf, the long grass, the short blade of grass and the clover. 

We did not bring any seeds. In turn, vascularization and mechanisms of reproduction were deduced based on what was observed.

Fungi sporangia are black, globelike structures that hold spores. They are important because when the spores are released they gather food for the fungi. 

Observed Samples 1. Zygomycota- lichen 2. Ascomycota- bread mold 3. Not able to be seen

Work Cited

1. Kohanski, M., Dwyer, D., Collins, J. 2010. How Antibiotics Kill Bacteria. Nature Reviews. 8: 423-425