User:Tkadm30/Notebook/DHA

DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)

Intracellular DHA delivery promote homeostatic synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection in the hippocampus by increasing cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling

• BDNF-induced synaptogenesis is enhanced by intracellular DHA delivery to neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs)
• Increased CREB function (phosphorylation) may protect neurons from glutamate excitoxicity and neuroinflammation via phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor. [1]
  • mBDNF transactivate the TrkB receptor and decrease the excitability of GABAergic interneurons. [2]

Neuroprotective properties of DHA

• DHA is neuroprotective and controlled by the P2X7 purinoreceptor. [3]
• DHA exert proneurogenic functions on activated microglia cells. [4]

DHA and vitamin D control of serotonin synthesis

• http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150225094109.htm
• Oxytocin-mediated vitamin D synthesis

DHEA (N-docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide)

• Ethanolamide metabolite of DHA.
• Derivative of anandamide.
• A synaptogenic endocannabinoid with antiglutamatergic and neuroprotective effects that induce synaptogenesis in vivo. [5]

DHA-5-HT

• Serotonin conjugate of DHA. [6]

DHDA

• Dopamine conjugate of DHA. [7]

References

1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14622123

   Dopamine D1 receptors mediate CREB phosphorylation via phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor at Ser897-NR1.

2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19812317

   Mature BDNF, but not proBDNF, reduces excitability of fast-spiking interneurons in mouse dentate gyrus.

3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25504554

   Purine receptors are required for DHA-mediated neuroprotection against oxygen and glucose deprivation in hippocampal slices.

4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22057807

   Docosahexaenoic acid modulates inflammatory and antineurogenic functions of activated microglial cells.

5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930808/

   Cannabinoid receptor-dependent and -independent anti-proliferative effects of omega-3 ethanolamides in androgen receptor-positive and -negative prostate cancer cell lines.

6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27663185

   Docosahexaenoyl serotonin, an endogenously formed n-3 fatty acid-serotonin conjugate has anti-inflammatory properties by attenuating IL-23-IL-17 signaling in macrophages.

7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28292183

   N-Docosahexaenoyl Dopamine, an Endocannabinoid-like Conjugate of Dopamine and the n-3 Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid, Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Activation of Microglia and Macrophages via COX-2.

8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10681412

   Regulation of calcium signalling by docosahexaenoic acid in human T-cells. Implication of CRAC channels.

9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3792211/

   Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Neurotransmission.

10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16922818

    Omega-3 fatty acids and hypertension in humans.

See also

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-Acylethanolamine
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docosahexaenoic_acid